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Drug

Hydrochlorothiazide

Approved · FDA
Emerging researchLate-stage developmentCooling momentum
Also known as Accuretic, Aldactazide, Amturnide, Apresazide+75 more

Accuretic, Aldactazide, Amturnide, Apresazide, Aquazide H, Atacand HCT, Avalide, Benazepril-Hydrochlorothiazide, Benicar HCT, Bisoprolol-Hydrochlorothiazide, Captopril-Hydrochlorothiazide, Carozide, Diaqua, Diovan HCT, Diuretic Ap-Es, Dutoprol, Dyazide, Enalapril-Hydrochlorothiazide, Esidrix, Esimil, Exforge HCT, Ezide, Fosinopril-Hydrochlorothiazide, HCTZ, HHR, Hidroclorotiazida, Hydralazine Plus, Hydrap-ES, Hydro Par, Hydro-Reserp, HydroDIURIL, Hydrochlorothiazide-Methyldopa, Hydrochlorothiazide-Reserpine, Hydrochlorothiazide-Spironolactone, Hydrochlorothiazide-Triamterene, Hydroserp, Hydroserpine, Hyzaar, Inderide, Inzirqo, Lopressor HCT, Loqua, Lotensin HCT, Mallopress, Marpres, Maxzide, Micardis HCT, Micardis-HCT, Microzide, Moduretic 5-50, Monopril HCT, Oretic, Prinzide, Quinaretic, Ser-Ap-Es, Serathide, Serpazide, Serpex, Spironolactone Plus, Tekturna HCT, Teveten HCT, Tri-Hydroserpine, Tribenzor, Uni Serp, Unipres, Uniretic, Vaseretic, Zestoretic, Ziac, Hydrochlorothiazide-Irbesartan, Hydrochlorothiazide-Lisinopril, Hydrochlorothiazide-Losartan, Hydrochlorothiazide-Metoprolol, Hydrochlorothiazide-Propranolol, Hydrochlorothiazide-Telmisartan, Hydrochlorothiazide-Valsartan, Amlodipine/Hydrochlorothiazide/Valsartan, Hydrochlorothiazide-Moexipril Hydrochloride, Hydrochlorothiazidum.

RxNorm5487ChEMBLCHEMBL435UNII0J48LPH2TH
14
Research papers
6
Active clinical trials
25
Regulatory events
Latest activity
beta

Recent clinical, regulatory, research and industry developments relating to this drug.

Mitigating the Pro-inflammatory Phenotype of Obesity

Clinical trial2026-08-01Primary completion · ClinicalTrials.gov

Label change: BISOPROLOL FUMARATE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE (NDA020186)

Regulatory2026-07-24FDA

TACTIC-HF: Thiazide or Acetazolamide Combination Versus Intravenous Furosemide in Ambulatory Worsening Heart Failure - a Randomized Crossover Trial

Clinical trial2026-05-18Results expected Q1 2027 · ClinicalTrials.gov

Randomized, Double-blind, Crossover Trial Assessing the Efficacy of Indapamide and Chlorthalidone Compared to Hydrochlorothiazide for the Reduction of Urine Supersaturation for Kidney Stone Prevention

Clinical trial2026-05-06Results expected Q2 2027 · ClinicalTrials.gov

HYDROchlorothiazide to PROTECT Polycystic Kidney Disease Patients and Improve Their Quality of Life

Clinical trial2026-02-25Results expected Q3 2030 · ClinicalTrials.gov

Label change: BISOPROLOL FUMARATE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE (NDA020186)

Regulatory2023-12-22FDA

Hydrochlorothiazide and Prevention of Kidney-Stone Recurrence.

Research2023-03-01The New England journal of medicine

Label change: BISOPROLOL FUMARATE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE (NDA020186)

Regulatory2021-03-02FDA

Label change: BISOPROLOL FUMARATE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE (NDA020186)

Regulatory2020-08-20FDA

Genome-wide association analyses suggest NELL1 influences adverse metabolic response to HCTZ in African Americans.

Research2013-02-12The pharmacogenomics journal

Hypertension susceptibility loci and blood pressure response to antihypertensives: results from the pharmacogenomic evaluation of antihypertensive responses study.

Research2012-10-19Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics

G protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphisms: β-blocker pharmacogenetics and treatment-related outcomes in hypertension.

Research2012-09-04Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)

Evidence confidence

1 claim

How strongly the incorporated evidence supports specific clinical claims about this treatment. A confidence figure is a current summary of evidence strength, not a permanent verdict.

Lowers systolic blood pressure in hypertension
74%Moderate confidence
Uncertainty ±12%Evidence coverage: LimitedUpdated 24 July 2026

Confidence is moderate because multiple independent trials consistently report systolic blood pressure, with a narrow uncertainty band; publication incorporation remains limited.

Profile

Identifiers & mechanism

Canonical identifiers, marketed brand names and mechanism, resolved across RxNorm, ChEMBL and ATC.

Canonical name
Hydrochlorothiazide
Aliases & brands
AccureticAldactazideAmturnideApresazideAquazide HAtacand HCTAvalideBenazepril-HydrochlorothiazideBenicar HCTBisoprolol-HydrochlorothiazideCaptopril-HydrochlorothiazideCarozideDiaquaDiovan HCTDiuretic Ap-EsDutoprolDyazideEnalapril-HydrochlorothiazideEsidrixEsimilExforge HCTEzideFosinopril-HydrochlorothiazideHCTZHHRHidroclorotiazidaHydralazine PlusHydrap-ESHydro ParHydro-ReserpHydroDIURILHydrochlorothiazide-MethyldopaHydrochlorothiazide-ReserpineHydrochlorothiazide-SpironolactoneHydrochlorothiazide-TriamtereneHydroserpHydroserpineHyzaarInderideInzirqoLopressor HCTLoquaLotensin HCTMallopressMarpresMaxzideMicardis HCTMicardis-HCTMicrozideModuretic 5-50Monopril HCTOreticPrinzideQuinareticSer-Ap-EsSerathideSerpazideSerpexSpironolactone PlusTekturna HCTTeveten HCTTri-HydroserpineTribenzorUni SerpUnipresUnireticVasereticZestoreticZiacHydrochlorothiazide-IrbesartanHydrochlorothiazide-LisinoprilHydrochlorothiazide-LosartanHydrochlorothiazide-MetoprololHydrochlorothiazide-PropranololHydrochlorothiazide-TelmisartanHydrochlorothiazide-ValsartanAmlodipine/Hydrochlorothiazide/ValsartanHydrochlorothiazide-Moexipril HydrochlorideHydrochlorothiazidum
RxNorm CUI
5487
ChEMBL ID
CHEMBL435
UNII
0J48LPH2TH
Regulatory jurisdictions
mhrafda

Regulatory timeline

25 events

The complete regulatory record, grouped by authority — approvals, safety advisories and label changes. Each authority shows its most recent events; expand one to read its full history.

Earliest approval
1993-03-26
Latest approval
2015-07-27
Authorities
FDA · MHRA
Total events
25
fdaU.S. Food and Drug Administration· 24 events
2026-07-24Label change
Label change: BISOPROLOL FUMARATE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE (NDA020186)
Evidence ↗
2023-12-22Label change
Label change: BISOPROLOL FUMARATE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE (NDA020186)
Evidence ↗
2021-03-02Label change
Label change: BISOPROLOL FUMARATE AND HYDROCHLOROTHIAZIDE (NDA020186)
Evidence ↗
mhraMedicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency· 1 event
2018-11-14Safety communicationSafety
Drug Safety Update: Hydrochlorothiazide: risk of non-melanoma skin cancer, particularly in long-term use
Evidence ↗

Data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (U.S. Food and Drug Administration), public domain (CC0).

Contains public sector information from the Medicines and Healthcare products Regulatory Agency (MHRA) licensed under the Open Government Licence (OGL v3).

Clinical trials

155 trials

The current development programme across all trial phases — status mix, phase distribution and the late-stage studies shaping the evidence base.

Development programme
CLINICALTRIALS.GOV · LIVE REGISTRY
155
registered trials across all phases
LATEST COMPLETION 2025
6
Active studies
5
Recruiting
113
Late-stage (III+)
120
Completed
29
Discontinued
PHASE DISTRIBUTIONn = 155
Early Phase 15Phase 121Phase 1 / 21Phase 215Phase 2 / 32Phase 332Phase 461Phase N / A18

Late-stage studies

Phase III+ trials still open or recently active — where late-stage evidence is being generated.

TACTIC-HF: Thiazide or Acetazolamide Combination Versus Intravenous Furosemide in Ambulatory Worsening Heart Failure - a Randomized Crossover Trial

Not yet recruitingPH IVLucrecia Maria Burgosn=602027

Dapagliflozin and Hydrochlorothiazide Treatment in Recurring Kidney Stone Patients - a Randomised Single Center Cross-over Study

Unknown statusPH IVMedical University of Viennan=322025

Multi-Omics to Predict the Blood Pressure Response to Antihypertensives

Unknown statusPH IVRadboud University Medical Centern=962025

Dapagliflozin Effect on Erythropoiesis and Physical Fitness in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes - a Randomized, Partly Double-blinded, Controlled, Three Armed, Parallel Group, Exploratory Study

WithdrawnPH IVUniversity Hospital Tuebingen2023

Anxiety-mediated Impairments in Large Elastic Artery Function and the Autonomic Nervous System

TerminatedPH IVUniversity of Iowan=352023

Recent completions

Trials that read out recently, adding to the completed evidence base.

Sympathetic Regulation of Large Artery Stiffness in Humans With Age-Related Isolated Systolic Hypertension

CompletedPH IUniversity of Iowan=1002025

ACES - ACE Inhibitors Combined With Exercise for Seniors With Hypertension

CompletedPH IIUniversity of Alabama at Birminghamn=2232024

Evaluation of an Optimization Protocol for Diuretics in the Decompensation of Chronic Heart Failure: Randomized Trial in Clusters With Sequential Permutation

CompletedPH IVUniversity Hospital, Clermont-Ferrandn=2992023

CSP #597 - Diuretic Comparison Project

CompletedPH IIIKey trialVA Office of Research and Developmentn=20,7232022

Randomized Double-blind Placebo-controlled Trial Assessing the Efficacy of Standard and Low Dose Hydrochlorothiazide Treatment in the Prevention of Recurrent Nephrolithiasis

CompletedPH IIIInsel Gruppe AG, University Hospital Bernn=4162022

A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study to Evaluate the Influence of Hydrochlorothiazide on Dermal Photosensitivity and DNA Stability - a Pilot Study (HCTox Study)

CompletedPH IUniversität des Saarlandesn=302021

Research activity

14 papers

Key research shaping understanding of this drug, combining the latest publications with the most influential evidence.

Publications over time
20092023
Most influential

Pharmacogenomics of antihypertensive drugs: rationale and design of the Pharmacogenomic Evaluation of Antihypertensive Responses (PEAR) study.

American heart journal · 2009 · 100 cites

Hydrochlorothiazide and Prevention of Kidney-Stone Recurrence.

The New England journal of medicine · 2023 · 94 cites

G protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphisms: β-blocker pharmacogenetics and treatment-related outcomes in hypertension.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2012 · 56 cites

Hypertension susceptibility loci and blood pressure response to antihypertensives: results from the pharmacogenomic evaluation of antihypertensive responses study.

Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics · 2012 · 47 cites

Impact of abdominal obesity on incidence of adverse metabolic effects associated with antihypertensive medications.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2010 · 46 cites

Genome-wide association analyses suggest NELL1 influences adverse metabolic response to HCTZ in African Americans.

The pharmacogenomics journal · 2014 · 36 cites
Recent papers

Hydrochlorothiazide and Prevention of Kidney-Stone Recurrence.

The New England journal of medicine · 2023 · 94 cites

Genome-wide association analyses suggest NELL1 influences adverse metabolic response to HCTZ in African Americans.

The pharmacogenomics journal · 2014 · 36 cites

Association of chromosome 12 locus with antihypertensive response to hydrochlorothiazide may involve differential YEATS4 expression.

The pharmacogenomics journal · 2013 · 33 cites

G protein receptor kinase 4 polymorphisms: β-blocker pharmacogenetics and treatment-related outcomes in hypertension.

Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979) · 2012 · 56 cites

Hypertension susceptibility loci and blood pressure response to antihypertensives: results from the pharmacogenomic evaluation of antihypertensive responses study.

Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics · 2012 · 47 cites

Effects of genetic variation in H3K79 methylation regulatory genes on clinical blood pressure and blood pressure response to hydrochlorothiazide.

Journal of translational medicine · 2012 · 21 cites
Major research themes7
Diuretics1Genetic Predisposition to Disease1Genome-Wide Association Study1Glycyrrhiza1Hydrochlorothiazide1Kidney Calculi1Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide1
Journals, researchers & institutions
Top journals
  • Hypertension (Dallas, Tex. : 1979)2
  • The pharmacogenomics journal2
  • American heart journal1
  • American journal of hypertension1
  • Blood pressure1
  • Circulation. Cardiovascular genetics1
Leading researchers
  • Boerwinkle E12
  • Johnson JA12
  • Turner ST12
  • Chapman AB11
  • Gong Y11
  • Gums JG11
  • Beitelshees AL10
  • Bailey KR6
Leading institutions
free-text, unnormalised
  • College of Pharmacy3
  • Center for Pharmacogenomics2
  • 1] Human Genetics Center1
  • Bern University Hospital1
  • Center for Pharmacogenomics and Department of Pharmacotherapy and Translational Research1
  • Colleges of Pharmacy and Medicine1
References & data sources
  • RxNorm (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — drug identity
  • ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI) & UniProt — pharmacology and targets
  • Europe PMC — research literature
  • ClinicalTrials.gov — clinical trials
  • Regulatory event sources are credited in the Regulatory Timeline above.