Drug

Isoniazid

In clinical development

ClassEnoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase inhibitorEmerging researchLate-stage developmentCooling momentum

Also known as INH, IsonaRif, Isonicotinic acid hydrazide, Isonicotinic hydrazide+9 more

INH, IsonaRif, Isonicotinic acid hydrazide, Isonicotinic hydrazide, Isonicotinohydrazide, Isonicotinoylhydrazide, Isonicotinsäurehydrazid, Isonicotinylhydrazide, Isonicotinylhydrazine, Pyridine-4-carboxylic acid hydrazide, Rifamate, Rifater, Isoniazida.

RxNorm6038 ChEMBLCHEMBL64 ATCJ04AC51 ATCJ04AC01UNIIV83O1VOZ8L

Research papers

Active clinical trials

inhA

Primary target

Latest activity

beta

Recent clinical, regulatory, research and industry developments relating to this drug.

TBTC Study 26 PK: Rifapentine Pharmacokinetics in Children Receiving Once Weekly Rifapentine and Isoniazid for the Treatment of Latent Tuberculosis Infection

Clinical trial2026-07-07Results posted · ClinicalTrials.gov

A Phase 2 Randomized, Adaptive, Dose-Ranging, Open-Label Trial of Novel Regimens for the Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis

Clinical trial2026-06-23Results expected Q4 2026 · ClinicalTrials.gov

Multi-arm, Open-label, Duration-randomized, Phase IIc Study of the Efficacy, Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of Optimized Rifampicin in Combination With Isoniazid, Pyrazinamide, and Ethambutol for the Treatment of Children With Drug-susceptible Tuberculosis

Clinical trial2026-06-18Results expected Q3 2030 · ClinicalTrials.gov

A Phase 2C Trial of Stratified Patient-Centered Treatment Regimens for Active TB

Clinical trial2026-06-15Results expected Q2 2029 · ClinicalTrials.gov

Point-of-care Pharmacogenomic Testing to Optimize Isoniazid Dosing for Tuberculosis Prevention

Clinical trial2026-06-15Results posted · ClinicalTrials.gov

Phase I/II Dose Finding, Safety and Tolerability Study of Daily Rifapentine Combined With Isoniazid (1HP) for Tuberculosis Prevention in Children Less Than 13 Years of Age With and Without HIV

Clinical trial2026-06-12Results expected Q1 2028 · ClinicalTrials.gov

A Phase II, Randomized, Open-Label Trial of a Six-Month Regimen of High-Dose Rifampicin, High-Dose Isoniazid, Linezolid, and Pyrazinamide Versus a Standard Nine-Month Regimen for the Treatment of Adults and Adolescents With Tuberculous Meningitis: Improved Management With Antimicrobial AGents Isoniazid rifampiciN LinEzolid for TBM (IMAGINE-TBM)

Clinical trial2026-06-02Results expected Q2 2028 · ClinicalTrials.gov

Shortened Regimen for Drug-susceptible TB in Children

Clinical trial2026-06-01Results expected Q3 2027 · ClinicalTrials.gov

Estimation of country-specific tuberculosis resistance antibiograms using pathogen genomics and machine learning.

Research2024-03-28BMJ global health

Cumulative Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Incidence (Measured Primarily by Tuberculin Skin Test) Among Infants With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Exposure: Observational Follow-up of an Isoniazid Prophylaxis Trial.

Research2022-12-01Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America

Pregnancy outcomes in HIV-infected women receiving long-term isoniazid prophylaxis for tuberculosis and antiretroviral therapy.

Research2013-03-07Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology

Anti-tuberculosis treatment outcomes in HIV-infected adults exposed to isoniazid preventive therapy in Botswana.

Research2013-02-01The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease

Profile

Identifiers & mechanism

Canonical identifiers, marketed brand names and mechanism, resolved across RxNorm, ChEMBL and ATC.

Canonical name

Isoniazid

Aliases & brands

INHIsonaRifIsonicotinic acid hydrazideIsonicotinic hydrazideIsonicotinohydrazideIsonicotinoylhydrazideIsonicotinsäurehydrazidIsonicotinylhydrazideIsonicotinylhydrazinePyridine-4-carboxylic acid hydrazideRifamateRifaterIsoniazida

RxNorm CUI

6038

ChEMBL ID

CHEMBL64

ATC codes

J04AC51J04AC01

UNII

V83O1VOZ8L

Primary mechanism

Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase inhibitor

Pharmacology & targets

1 target

Known molecular targets and mechanisms supported by curated pharmacology databases.

Enoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase [NADH]

inhA · P9WGR1

INHIBITOREnoyl-[acyl-carrier-protein] reductase inhibitor

Clinical trials

120 trials

The current development programme across all trial phases — status mix, phase distribution and the late-stage studies shaping the evidence base.

Development programme

CLINICALTRIALS.GOV · LIVE REGISTRY

120

registered trials across all phases

LATEST COMPLETION 2025

Active studies

Recruiting

Late-stage (III+)

Completed

Discontinued

PHASE DISTRIBUTIONn = 120

Phase 114Phase 1 / 25Phase 226Phase 2 / 37Phase 327Phase 418Phase N / A23

Late-stage studies

Phase III+ trials still open or recently active — where late-stage evidence is being generated.

Impact of LTBI Treatment on Glucose Tolerance and Chronic Inflammation

CompletedPH IVHerlev and Gentofte Hospitaln=322023

A Randomised Controlled Trial of a 12-dose Rifapentine and Isoniazid (RPT+INH) Regimen Using Direct Observed Therapy (DOT) Versus 6 Months of Daily Isoniazid for Latent Tuberculosis Infection (LTBI) in Socially Marginalised People

TerminatedPH IVAarhus University Hospitaln=222023

Clinical Outcomes of Vaginal Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide (INH) Administration Prior to Levonorgestrel Releasing Intrauterine System Insertion in Women Delivered Only by Elective Cesarean Section: a Randomized Double Blinded Clinical Trial

CompletedPH IVAswan University Hospitaln=2202021

Vaginal Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide (INH) Prior to Diagnostic Office Hysteroscopy in Primarily Infertile Patients: a Randomized Controlled Trial

CompletedPH IVAswan University Hospitaln=1502021

Benefits of Self-administered Vaginal Isonicotinic Acid Hydrazide (INH) Administration 12 Hours Prior to Intrauterine Device Insertion in Adolescent and Young Women: a Randomized Controlled Trial

CompletedPH IVAswan University Hospitaln=1302021

Recent completions

Trials that read out recently, adding to the completed evidence base.

A Prospective, Randomized Open-Label Phase II Study of the Safety and Tolerability of Metformin in Combination With Standard Antimicrobial Treatment of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in People Co-infected With HIV

CompletedPH IIUniversity of Massachusetts, Worcestern=1122025

Point-of-care Pharmacogenomic Testing to Optimize Isoniazid Dosing for Tuberculosis Prevention

CompletedPH IStanford Universityn=782025

Phase I/II Dose Finding and Safety Study of Rifapentine and Isoniazid in HIV-Infected and HIV-Uninfected Children With Latent Tuberculosis Infection

CompletedPH I/IICenters for Disease Control and Preventionn=622025

A Multicenter, Phase 2b/c, Open-label, Randomized, Dose-finding Trial to Evaluate the Safety and Efficacy of a 4 Month Regimen of OPC-167832 in Combination With Delamanid and Bedaquiline in Subjects With Drug-susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Comparison With Standard Treatment

CompletedPH IIOtsuka Pharmaceutical Development & Commercialization, Inc.n=1222024

A Phase 2 Trial to Evaluate the EBA, Safety and Tolerability of Ethionamide Alone and in Combination With BVL-GSK098 Administered Orally to Adults With Newly Diagnosed, Rifampicin- and Isoniazid-Susceptible Pulmonary Tuberculosis

CompletedPH IITASK Applied Sciencen=1052024

Addiction, HIV and Tuberculosis in Malaysian Criminal Justice Settings

CompletedN/AYale Universityn=3162024

Research activity

6 papers

Key research shaping understanding of this drug, combining the latest publications with the most influential evidence.

Publications over time

20112024

Most influential

6-month versus 36-month isoniazid preventive treatment for tuberculosis in adults with HIV infection in Botswana: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Lancet (London, England) · 2011 · 252 cites

Risk factors for non-adherence and loss to follow-up in a three-year clinical trial in Botswana.

PloS one · 2011 · 40 cites

Pregnancy outcomes in HIV-infected women receiving long-term isoniazid prophylaxis for tuberculosis and antiretroviral therapy.

Infectious diseases in obstetrics and gynecology · 2013 · 36 cites

Anti-tuberculosis treatment outcomes in HIV-infected adults exposed to isoniazid preventive therapy in Botswana.

The international journal of tuberculosis and lung disease : the official journal of the International Union against Tuberculosis and Lung Disease · 2013 · 5 cites

Estimation of country-specific tuberculosis resistance antibiograms using pathogen genomics and machine learning.

BMJ global health · 2024 · 4 cites

Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America · 2022 · 3 cites

Related drugs

2 matches

Drugs sharing diseases, protein targets and literature with this one. Ranked by graph evidence (shared targets + diseases weighted above co-mentions).

Ethionamide

Acts on the same molecular target as Isoniazid, with an overlapping disease area.

Shared target1 shared disease1 shared paper

Rifampin

Studied across the same disease area as Isoniazid in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper

References & data sources

RxNorm (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — drug identity
ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI) & UniProt — pharmacology and targets
Europe PMC — research literature
ClinicalTrials.gov — clinical trials