Back to discover

Protein / target

Ceruloplasmin

Encoded byCPP00450Homo sapiensSwiss-Prot
UniProt: P00450Ensembl: ENSG00000047457HGNC: HGNC:2295NCBI Gene: 1356
Small-molecule tractable
Druggability
Structure with Ligand
1
Research papers

Protein at a glance

Biological role

Phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase

Strongest disease association

Cerebellar Ataxia

Via encoding gene CP · Genetic literature evidence · score 0.94

Research activity

Emerging research

1 papers · latest 2023

Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.

Protein profile

UniProt 2026_02

Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.

Function overview

Multifunctional blue, copper-binding (6-7 atoms per molecule) glycoprotein.

View complete UniProt function annotation

Multifunctional blue, copper-binding (6-7 atoms per molecule) glycoprotein. It has ferroxidase activity oxidizing Fe(2+) to Fe(3+) without releasing radical oxygen species. It is involved in iron transport across the cell membrane (PubMed:16150804). Copper ions provide a large number of enzymatic activites. Oxidizes highly toxic ferrous ions to the ferric state for further incorporation onto apo-transferrins, catalyzes Cu(+) oxidation and promotes the oxidation of biogenic amines such as norepinephrin and serotonin (PubMed:14623105, PubMed:4643313, PubMed:5912351). Provides Cu(2+) ions for the ascorbate-mediated deaminase degradation of the heparan sulfate chains of GPC1 (By similarity). Has glutathione peroxidase-like activity, can remove both hydrogen peroxide and lipid hydroperoxide in the presence of thiols (PubMed:10481051). Acts as an inhibitor of the peroxidase activity of MPO (By similarity). Also shows NO-oxidase and NO2 synthase activities that determine endocrine NO homeostasis (PubMed:16906150)

Subcellular location

Secreted
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (23)

Domains & features

Plastocyanin-like 1Plastocyanin-like 2Plastocyanin-like 3Plastocyanin-like 4Plastocyanin-like 5Plastocyanin-like 6

Gene Ontology

  • Cblood microparticle
  • Cendoplasmic reticulum lumen
  • Cextracellular exosome
  • Cextracellular region
  • Cextracellular space
  • Clysosomal membrane
  • Cplasma membrane
  • Fcopper ion binding
  • Fferroxidase activity
  • Fglutathione peroxidase activity
  • Foxidoreductase activity
  • Foxidoreductase activity, acting on metal ions, oxygen as acceptor

1065 aa · 122 kDa

Biological roles

What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.

Lipid & lipoprotein metabolismGO
View supporting evidence

Lipid & lipoprotein metabolism

  • ·phospholipid-hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase activity

Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.

Translational evidence

Open Targets 26

Why this target matters therapeutically, strongest evidence first. Disease associations are gene-level (via the gene that encodes this protein) and open into the full confidence synthesis; the development universe, tractability and safety annotations are target-level, from Open Targets.

Strongest disease associations · via encoding gene CP

Gene-level evidence surfaced through the gene CPthat encodes this protein — not a direct protein–disease relationship. Ranked by Forefront's causal-directness weighting, so genetically- and clinically-evidenced diseases lead over ones that merely share the literature.

Cerebellar Ataxia
0.75Well supported

Genetic literature evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.57

Genetic Diseases, Inborn
0.57Moderately supported

Genetic evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.34

Alcohol drinking
0.42Limited support

Genetic evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.25

early-infantile DEE
0.24Preliminary

Pathway evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.37 · no direct causal or clinical evidence

Ovarian dysfunction
0.24Preliminary

Genetic evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.14

View evidence synthesis (5)
Cerebellar AtaxiaWell supported
0.75
agreement 0.60–0.91
Genetic literature98%Literature2%

Open Targets aggregate 0.57 · 2 independent evidence families

Genetic Diseases, InbornModerately supported
0.57
agreement 0.43–0.71
Genetic98%Literature2%

Open Targets aggregate 0.34 · 2 independent evidence families

Alcohol drinkingLimited support
0.42
agreement 0.28–0.56
Genetic99%Literature1%

Open Targets aggregate 0.25 · 2 independent evidence families

early-infantile DEEPreliminary
0.24
agreement 0.01–0.47
Pathway100%

Open Targets aggregate 0.37 · 1 independent evidence family · no direct causal or clinical evidence

Ovarian dysfunctionPreliminary
0.24
agreement 0.10–0.38
Genetic98%Literature2%

Open Targets aggregate 0.14 · 2 independent evidence families

The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the per-type scores above show the calculation.

Show all associations
Cerebellar Ataxia0.57
early-infantile DEE0.37
Genetic Diseases, Inborn0.34
Alcohol drinking0.25
Ovarian dysfunction0.14

Tractability

Small molecules — Emerging

Feasibility evidence (structure with ligand and high-quality pocket) — no clinical-stage drug of this modality recorded.

Antibodies — Emerging

Feasibility evidence (uniprot loc high conf and go cc high conf) — no clinical-stage drug of this modality recorded.

Protein degraders — Emerging

Feasibility evidence (database ubiquitination and half-life data) — no clinical-stage drug of this modality recorded.

View underlying tractability evidence (7)
SM · Structure with LigandSM · High-Quality PocketAB · UniProt loc high confAB · GO CC high confAB · UniProt SigP or TMHMMPR · Database UbiquitinationPR · Half-life Data

Raw Open Targets tractability assessment buckets, by modality.

Research activity

1 papers · to 2023

Papers linked directly to this protein. This is the protein's own literature — descriptor-derived papers are kept separate below.

Most cited

The local microenvironment drives activation of neutrophils in human brain tumors.147 cites

Maas RR · Cell · 2023

Recent

The local microenvironment drives activation of neutrophils in human brain tumors.

Maas RR · Cell · 2023

Europe PMC papers linked directly to this protein.