Protein / target
D(2) dopamine receptor
Protein at a glance
Biological role
Dopamine neurotransmitter receptor activity, coupled via Gi/Go
Primary system
Nervous system
Strongest disease association
major depressive disorder
Therapeutic maturity
Clinically validated target
Druggability
Small molecule
Clinical development
91 approved · 16 in clinical development
Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.
Protein profile
Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.
Function
Dopamine receptor whose activity is mediated by G proteins which inhibit adenylyl cyclase (PubMed:21645528, PubMed:39103320). Positively regulates postnatal regression of retinal hyaloid vessels via suppression of VEGFR2/KDR activity, downstream of OPN5 (By similarity)
Subcellular location
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (119)Hide
Gene Ontology
- Cacrosomal vesicle
- Caxon
- Caxon terminus
- Cciliary membrane
- Ccilium
- Cdendrite
- Cdendritic spine
- Cdopaminergic synapse
- Cendocytic vesicle
- CG protein-coupled receptor complex
- CGABA-ergic synapse
- Cglutamatergic synapse
Biological roles
What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.
View supporting evidenceHide supporting evidence
Synaptic signalling
- ·dopaminergic synapse
- ·GABA-ergic synapse
- ·glutamatergic synapse
- ·postsynaptic membrane
G protein-coupled signalling
- ·G protein-coupled receptor complex
- ·G protein-coupled receptor activity
- ·G protein-coupled receptor internalization
- ·phospholipase C-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
Inhibitory neurotransmission
- ·GABA-ergic synapse
- ·cerebral cortex GABAergic interneuron migration
- ·regulation of synaptic transmission, GABAergic
Excitatory neurotransmission
- ·glutamatergic synapse
- ·excitatory postsynaptic potential
- ·negative regulation of synaptic transmission, glutamatergic
Kinase signalling
- ·negative regulation of dephosphorylation
- ·negative regulation of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B signal transduction
Immune signalling
- ·negative regulation of innate immune response
- ·positive regulation of cytokinesis
View underlying pathways (1)Hide underlying pathways
Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.
Interaction neighbourhood
Proteins with the strongest functional or physical association. Node size and line weight reflect STRING confidence; hover or select a partner to inspect one association.
Functional and physical associations from STRING v12.0. Only associations with this protein are drawn — partner-to-partner links are not part of this evidence.
Drugs targeting this protein
Whether each drug engages this protein directly or through a complex, and how many other targets are recorded for it. Direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.
Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
Appears in clinical studies involving bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, aggressive behavior, autism
Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
Appears in clinical studies involving schizophrenia, Nausea and vomiting, psychotic disorder, Agitation
Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
Appears in clinical studies involving schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, bipolar I disorder, major depressive disorder
Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
Appears in clinical studies involving schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, psychotic disorder, bipolar disorder
Dopamine D2 receptor antagonist
Appears in clinical studies involving schizophrenia, schizoaffective disorder, psychotic symptoms, bipolar I disorder
Dopamine D2 receptor partial agonist
Appears in clinical studies involving schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, bipolar disorder, Agitation
D2-like dopamine receptor antagonist
Appears in clinical studies involving bipolar disorder, schizophrenia, major depressive disorder, Agitation
ChEMBL mechanism, action type and target identity. Open Targets clinical status and indications.
Translational evidence
Why this target matters therapeutically — disease associations, drugs in development, tractability and safety, from Open Targets.
Strongest genetic associations
Human genetic evidence — the most direct causal link between this target and a disease.
Highest-confidence therapeutic associations
Diseases where a drug acting on this target has already reached clinical development.
Show all associationsHide all associations
Open Targets ranks 1,797 associations for this target and we store the top 10 by aggregated score. The long tail is largely literature co-mention and RNA-expression evidence, not evidence that this target drives those diseases.
Known drugs · 111 total
Parkinson disease · Parkinson disease
mental disorder · plasma cell myeloma
cardiovascular disorder · vascular dementia · fragile X syndrome
schizophrenia · psychotic disorder
Parkinson disease · Parkinson disease · restless legs syndrome
schizophrenia · psychotic disorder · attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder
schizophrenia · schizoaffective disorder · psychotic symptoms
bipolar I disorder · schizophrenia · bipolar disorder
hyperprolactinemia · Increased circulating prolactin concentration · adenomyosis
major depressive disorder
Tractability
Safety liabilities
Clinical trials
Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein.
Show remaining trials (24)Hide
ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.
Related literature
Papers indexed under “Receptors, Dopamine D2” — a subject heading that covers this protein without being specific to it. Shown as context; not counted as this protein's own research activity.
Europe PMC literature, reached through a MeSH descriptor linked to this protein.
Forefront confidence
Our own weighting of the evidence behind each disease association. Human genetics and clinical evidence count for most; literature co-mention counts for little, because two entities sharing an abstract is not evidence that one drives the other.
The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the underlying per-type scores are shown above so the calculation can be checked.
What's happening now
Recent activity around this target, drawn from one canonical event stream. Every item is reached through 6 drugs that target this protein, so each event is news about that drug rather than about the protein directly.
- Label change
Label change: RISPERIDONE (ANDA076996)
- Label change
Label change: RISPERIDONE (ANDA077494)
- Product recall
Recall (Class II): ARIPIPRAZOLE
- Label change
Label change: RISPERIDONE (ANDA091384)
- Withdrawn from market
Market withdrawal: Olanzapine Apotex (EMA)
- Label change
Label change: RISPERIDONE (ANDA079088)
- Label change
Label change: RISPERIDONE (ANDA076996)
- Label change
Label change: RISPERIDONE (ANDA076996)
- Label change
Label change: RISPERIDONE (ANDA091384)
- New publicationLong-Acting Injectable Antipsychotic Initiation in Child and Adolescent Patients with Psychiatric Disorders.
- Label change
Label change: RISPERIDONE (ANDA079088)
- Label change
Label change: RISPERIDONE (ANDA079088)
Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.