Protein / target
G1/S-specific cyclin-D1
Protein at a glance
Biological role
Protein serine/threonine kinase activator
Strongest disease association
Immunoglobulin Light-chain Amyloidosis
Therapeutic position
Established drug target
Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.
Protein profile
Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.
Function overview
Regulatory component of the cyclin D1-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition.
View complete UniProt function annotationHide complete annotation
Regulatory component of the cyclin D1-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits members of the retinoblastoma (RB) protein family including RB1 and regulates the cell-cycle during G(1)/S transition (PubMed:1827756, PubMed:1833066, PubMed:19412162, PubMed:33854235, PubMed:8114739, PubMed:8302605). Phosphorylation of RB1 allows dissociation of the transcription factor E2F from the RB/E2F complex and the subsequent transcription of E2F target genes which are responsible for the progression through the G(1) phase (PubMed:1827756, PubMed:1833066, PubMed:19412162, PubMed:8114739, PubMed:8302605). Hypophosphorylates RB1 in early G(1) phase (PubMed:1827756, PubMed:1833066, PubMed:19412162, PubMed:8114739, PubMed:8302605). Cyclin D-CDK4 complexes are major integrators of various mitogenenic and antimitogenic signals (PubMed:1827756, PubMed:1833066, PubMed:19412162, PubMed:8302605). Also a substrate for SMAD3, phosphorylating SMAD3 in a cell-cycle-dependent manner and repressing its transcriptional activity (PubMed:15241418). Component of the ternary complex, cyclin D1/CDK4/CDKN1B, required for nuclear translocation and activity of the cyclin D-CDK4 complex (PubMed:9106657). Exhibits transcriptional corepressor activity with INSM1 on the NEUROD1 and INS promoters in a cell cycle-independent manner (PubMed:16569215, PubMed:18417529)
Subcellular location
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (45)Hide
Domains & features
Gene Ontology
- Cbicellular tight junction
- Ccyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex
- Ccytoplasm
- Ccytosol
- Cmicrotubule organizing center
- Cnuclear membrane
- Cnucleoplasm
- Cnucleus
- Ctranscription repressor complex
- Fcyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity
- Fcyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase regulator activity
- Fenzyme binding
Biological roles
What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.
View supporting evidenceHide supporting evidence
Cell-cycle regulation
- ·G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
- ·positive regulation of G1/S transition of mitotic cell cycle
- ·positive regulation of G2/M transition of mitotic cell cycle
Cell proliferation & survival
- ·positive regulation of cell population proliferation
Transcriptional regulation
- ·Regulatory component of the cyclin D1-CDK4 (DC) complex that phosphorylates and inhibits…
- ·transcription repressor complex
- ·transcription corepressor activity
- ·DNA-templated transcription
Kinase signalling
- ·cyclin-dependent protein kinase holoenzyme complex
- ·cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase activator activity
- ·cyclin-dependent protein serine/threonine kinase regulator activity
- ·protein kinase activity
View underlying pathways (18)Hide underlying pathways
Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.
Interaction neighbourhood
Proteins with the strongest functional or physical association. Node size and line weight reflect STRING confidence; hover or select a partner to inspect one association.
Functional and physical associations from STRING v12.0. Only associations with this protein are drawn — partner-to-partner links are not part of this evidence.
Approved medicines with mapped indications
Approved therapies targeting this protein, grouped by what they are approved to treat — the disease-first view of the medicines below. Relationships come from the canonical approved-indication graph (ChEMBL phase-4), the same source as the drug cards.
Broader indication categories (1)Hide
Broad umbrella indications (e.g. “Neoplasms”). Shown here because every medicine also appears under a more specific disease above — kept for completeness, de-emphasised for clarity.
Approved indications from ChEMBL (phase-4), via the canonical drug→disease graph.
Drugs targeting this protein
How approved and investigational drugs engage this protein — mechanism and action type, direct vs complex targeting, and how broadly each acts across other targets. A drug-first view (the section above groups the approved ones disease-first); direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.
ChEMBL mechanism, action type, target identity and approved indications. Open Targets clinical status.
Translational evidence
Why this target matters therapeutically, strongest evidence first. Disease associations are gene-level (via the gene that encodes this protein) and open into the full confidence synthesis; the development universe, tractability and safety annotations are target-level, from Open Targets.
Strongest disease associations · via encoding gene CCND1
Gene-level evidence surfaced through the gene CCND1that encodes this protein — not a direct protein–disease relationship. Ranked by Forefront's causal-directness weighting, so genetically- and clinically-evidenced diseases lead over ones that merely share the literature.
View evidence synthesis (5)Hide
The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the per-type scores above show the calculation.
Show all associationsHide all associations
Drug development
2 compounds recorded · 1 approved · 1 in clinical development
View all recorded compounds (2)Hide
Open Targets known-drugs universe. Drug name and highest clinical stage only — the disease relationship is NOT read from this slice (it carries trial-context noise); approved indications come from the canonical graph above.
Tractability
Small molecules — Strong
Protein degraders — Emerging
View underlying tractability evidence (6)Hide
Raw Open Targets tractability assessment buckets, by modality.
Safety-related annotations
Terms indexed against this target in Open Targets' safety data, with their datasource. These are annotations, not causal claims: the direction of effect (whether activation or inhibition is implicated), species and evidence strength are not captured here, so an entry does not mean that modulating this target is known to cause that condition.
Clinical trials
Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein. Ranked by active status, then clinical phase and recency, and spread across the targeting drugs.
View all trials (26)Hide
ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.
What's happening now
Recent therapeutic activity around this target — regulatory actions, clinical trials and safety signals for a drug that targets this protein, plus publications where such a drug is a genuine subject. Every item is reached indirectly through the drug, not the protein itself; incidental mentions (a paper that merely measures a drug) and press items are excluded.
- Trial status changed
Phase I Study of the Pan-ERBB Inhibitor Neratinib Given in Combination With Everolimus, Palbociclib, or Trametinib in Advanced Cancer Subjects With EGFR Mutation/Amplification, HER2 Mutation/Amplification, or HER3/4 Mutation or KRAS Mutation
- Trial status changed
A Phase 1, Open-Label, Multicenter Study of INCB123667 as Monotherapy and in Combination With Anticancer Therapies in Participants With Selected Advanced Solid Tumors
- Indication expanded
Indication expansion: PALBOCICLIB (NDA207103)
- Indication expanded
Indication expansion: PALBOCICLIB (NDA212436)
- Regulatory approval
Approval: Palbociclib Viatris (EMA)
- Indication expanded
Indication expansion: PALBOCICLIB (NDA212436)
- Indication expanded
Indication expansion: PALBOCICLIB (NDA207103)
- Indication expanded
Indication expansion: PALBOCICLIB (NDA207103)
- New publicationEfficacy, safety, and predictive model of Palbociclib in the treatment of HR-positive and HER2-negative metastatic breast cancer.
- New publicationOverall Survival with Palbociclib and Fulvestrant in Advanced Breast Cancer.
- New publicationClinical considerations of the role of palbociclib in the management of advanced breast cancer patients with and without visceral metastases.
- New publicationPalbociclib and Letrozole in Advanced Breast Cancer.
Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.
Related family literature
Papers about “Cyclins” — a broader family this protein belongs to. Shown as context; not counted as papers specifically about this protein.
Europe PMC literature, reached through curated HGNC family membership. Membership is a taxonomic relationship — it does not imply this protein participates in every mechanism these papers discuss.