Protein / target
Retinoic acid receptor gamma
Protein at a glance
Biological role
Sequence-specific double-stranded DNA binding
Strongest disease association
Acne Vulgaris
Therapeutic position
Established drug target
Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.
Protein profile
Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.
Function overview
Receptor for retinoic acid.
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Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target response elements in response to their ligands, all-trans or 9-cis retinoic acid, and regulate gene expression in various biological processes. The RAR/RXR heterodimers bind to the retinoic acid response elements (RARE) composed of tandem 5'-AGGTCA-3' sites known as DR1-DR5. In the absence of ligand, acts mainly as an activator of gene expression due to weak binding to corepressors. Required for limb bud development. In concert with RARA or RARB, required for skeletal growth, matrix homeostasis and growth plate function (By similarity)
Subcellular location
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (31)Hide
Domains & features
Gene Ontology
- Cchromatin
- Ccytoplasm
- Cmembrane
- Cnucleoplasm
- Cnucleus
- CRNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex
- Ctranscription regulator complex
- Fchromatin binding
- FDNA binding
- FDNA-binding transcription factor activity
- FDNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
- Fnuclear receptor activity
Biological roles
What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.
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Nuclear receptor signalling
- ·nuclear receptor activity
- ·Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway
Cell proliferation & survival
- ·negative regulation of cell population proliferation
Transcriptional regulation
- ·Receptor for retinoic acid. Retinoic acid receptors bind as heterodimers to their target…
- ·RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex
- ·transcription regulator complex
- ·DNA-binding transcription factor activity
Apoptosis & cell death
- ·positive regulation of apoptotic process
- ·positive regulation of programmed cell death
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Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.
Interaction neighbourhood
Proteins with the strongest functional or physical association. Node size and line weight reflect STRING confidence; hover or select a partner to inspect one association.
Functional and physical associations from STRING v12.0. Only associations with this protein are drawn — partner-to-partner links are not part of this evidence.
Approved medicines with mapped indications
Approved therapies targeting this protein, grouped by what they are approved to treat — the disease-first view of the medicines below. Relationships come from the canonical approved-indication graph (ChEMBL phase-4), the same source as the drug cards.
Broader indication categories (1)Hide
Broad umbrella indications (e.g. “Neoplasms”). Shown here because every medicine also appears under a more specific disease above — kept for completeness, de-emphasised for clarity.
9 medicines meet Open Targets' target-level approved-medicine definition; the 2 shown here are those on this page with a canonical approved disease indication in the graph. Approved indications from ChEMBL (phase-4), via the canonical drug→disease graph.
Drugs targeting this protein
How approved and investigational drugs engage this protein — mechanism and action type, direct vs complex targeting, and how broadly each acts across other targets. A drug-first view (the section above groups the approved ones disease-first); direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.
Retinoic acid receptor agonist
Indicated for Acne Vulgaris, Hyperpigmentation, Neoplasms
ChEMBL mechanism, action type, target identity and approved indications. Open Targets clinical status.
Translational evidence
Why this target matters therapeutically, strongest evidence first. Disease associations are gene-level (via the gene that encodes this protein) and open into the full confidence synthesis; the development universe, tractability and safety annotations are target-level, from Open Targets.
Strongest disease associations · via encoding gene RARG
Gene-level evidence surfaced through the gene RARGthat encodes this protein — not a direct protein–disease relationship. Ranked by Forefront's causal-directness weighting, so genetically- and clinically-evidenced diseases lead over ones that merely share the literature.
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The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the per-type scores above show the calculation.
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Drug development
11 compounds recorded · 9 approved · 2 in clinical development
View all recorded compounds (10)Hide
Open Targets known-drugs universe. Drug name and highest clinical stage only — the disease relationship is NOT read from this slice (it carries trial-context noise); approved indications come from the canonical graph above.
Tractability
Small molecules — Strong
Protein degraders — Emerging
View underlying tractability evidence (9)Hide
Raw Open Targets tractability assessment buckets, by modality.
Safety-related annotations
Terms indexed against this target in Open Targets' safety data, with their datasource. These are annotations, not causal claims: the direction of effect (whether activation or inhibition is implicated), species and evidence strength are not captured here, so an entry does not mean that modulating this target is known to cause that condition.
Clinical trials
Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein. Ranked by active status, then clinical phase and recency, and spread across the targeting drugs.
View all trials (26)Hide
ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.
What's happening now
Recent therapeutic activity around this target — regulatory actions, clinical trials and safety signals for 2 drugs that target this protein, plus publications where such a drug is a genuine subject. Every item is reached indirectly through the drug, not the protein itself; incidental mentions (a paper that merely measures a drug) and press items are excluded.
- Label change
Label change: ISOTRETINOIN (ANDA075945)
- Label change
Label change: ISOTRETINOIN (ANDA076135)
- Label change
Label change: ISOTRETINOIN (ANDA076356)
- Regulatory approval
Approval: TRETINOIN (ANDA214590)
- New publicationDifferentiation of SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells using retinoic acid and BDNF: a model for neuronal and synaptic differentiation in neurodegeneration.
- New publicationGuidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris.
- New publicationRisk of Suicide and Psychiatric Disorders Among Isotretinoin Users: A Meta-Analysis.
- Safety communication
Drug Safety Update: Isotretinoin (Roaccutane▼): introduction of new safety measures, including additional oversight of the initiation of treatment for patients under 18 years of age
- Safety communication
Drug Safety Update: Isotretinoin (Roaccutane▼): new safety measures to be introduced in the coming months, including additional oversight on initiation of treatment for patients under 18 years
- Safety communication
Drug Safety Update: Isotretinoin (Roaccutane): rare reports of erectile dysfunction and decreased libido
- Safety communication
Drug Safety Update: Isotretinoin (Roaccutane): reminder of possible risk of psychiatric disorders
- New publicationAnti-GD2 antibody with GM-CSF, interleukin-2, and isotretinoin for neuroblastoma.
Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.
Related family literature
Papers about “Receptors, Retinoic Acid” — a broader family this protein belongs to. Shown as context; not counted as papers specifically about this protein.
via Receptors, Retinoic Acid
via Receptors, Retinoic Acid
Europe PMC literature, reached through curated HGNC family membership. Membership is a taxonomic relationship — it does not imply this protein participates in every mechanism these papers discuss.