Protein / target
Vascular endothelial growth factor A, long form
Protein at a glance
Biological role
Vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1 binding
Strongest disease association
Diabetic Retinopathy
Therapeutic position
Established drug target
Research activity
Actively researched
Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.
Protein profile
Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.
Function overview
Participates in the induction of key genes involved in the response to hypoxia and in the induction of angiogenesis such as HIF1A.
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Participates in the induction of key genes involved in the response to hypoxia and in the induction of angiogenesis such as HIF1A (PubMed:35455969). Involved in protecting cells from hypoxia-mediated cell death (By similarity)
Subcellular location
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (127)Hide
Gene Ontology
- Cadherens junction
- Ccell surface
- Ccytoplasm
- Cendoplasmic reticulum
- Cextracellular matrix
- Cextracellular region
- Cextracellular space
- CGolgi apparatus
- Cmembrane
- Cnucleus
- Cplatelet alpha granule lumen
- Csecretory granule
Biological roles
What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.
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Cell migration
- ·basophil chemotaxis
- ·cell migration involved in sprouting angiogenesis
- ·endothelial cell chemotaxis
- ·induction of positive chemotaxis
Growth-factor signalling
- ·positive regulation of cell proliferation by VEGF-activated platelet derived growth fact…
- ·positive regulation of endothelial cell chemotaxis by VEGF-activated vascular endothelia…
- ·vascular endothelial growth factor receptor signaling pathway
Cell proliferation & survival
- ·positive regulation of cell population proliferation
- ·positive regulation of cell proliferation by VEGF-activated platelet derived growth fact…
Receptor tyrosine kinase signalling
- ·transmembrane receptor protein tyrosine kinase activator activity
Immune signalling
- ·cytokine activity
- ·positive regulation of mast cell chemotaxis
- ·positive regulation of trophoblast cell migration
- ·Interleukin-4 and Interleukin-13 signaling
Cell adhesion
- ·Secreted, extracellular space, extracellular matrix
- ·extracellular matrix
- ·extracellular matrix binding
- ·negative regulation of cell-cell adhesion mediated by cadherin
View underlying pathways (10)Hide underlying pathways
Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.
Approved medicines with mapped indications
Approved therapies targeting this protein, grouped by what they are approved to treat — the disease-first view of the medicines below. Relationships come from the canonical approved-indication graph (ChEMBL phase-4), the same source as the drug cards.
Broader indication categories (1)Hide
Broad umbrella indications (e.g. “Neoplasms”). Shown here because every medicine also appears under a more specific disease above — kept for completeness, de-emphasised for clarity.
8 medicines meet Open Targets' target-level approved-medicine definition; the 3 shown here are those on this page with a canonical approved disease indication in the graph. Approved indications from ChEMBL (phase-4), via the canonical drug→disease graph.
Drugs targeting this protein
How approved and investigational drugs engage this protein — mechanism and action type, direct vs complex targeting, and how broadly each acts across other targets. A drug-first view (the section above groups the approved ones disease-first); direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.
Vascular endothelial growth factor A inhibitor
Indicated for Colorectal Neoplasms, Diabetes Complications, Diabetic Retinopathy, Macular Edema
Vascular endothelial growth factor A inhibitor
Indicated for Diabetes Complications, Macular Edema, Retinal Neovascularization
Vascular endothelial growth factor A inhibitor
Indicated for Retinal Neovascularization
Vascular endothelial growth factor A inhibitor
ChEMBL mechanism, action type, target identity and approved indications. Open Targets clinical status.
Translational evidence
Why this target matters therapeutically, strongest evidence first. Disease associations are gene-level (via the gene that encodes this protein) and open into the full confidence synthesis; the development universe, tractability and safety annotations are target-level, from Open Targets.
Strongest disease associations · via encoding gene VEGFA
Gene-level evidence surfaced through the gene VEGFAthat encodes this protein — not a direct protein–disease relationship. Ranked by Forefront's causal-directness weighting, so genetically- and clinically-evidenced diseases lead over ones that merely share the literature.
View evidence synthesis (5)Hide
The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the per-type scores above show the calculation.
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Drug development
14 compounds recorded · 8 approved · 6 in clinical development
View all recorded compounds (10)Hide
Open Targets known-drugs universe. Drug name and highest clinical stage only — the disease relationship is NOT read from this slice (it carries trial-context noise); approved indications come from the canonical graph above.
Tractability
Small molecules — Emerging
Antibodies — Strong
Protein degraders — Emerging
Other modalities — Strong
View underlying tractability evidence (9)Hide
Raw Open Targets tractability assessment buckets, by modality.
Safety-related annotations
Terms indexed against this target in Open Targets' safety data, with their datasource. These are annotations, not causal claims: the direction of effect (whether activation or inhibition is implicated), species and evidence strength are not captured here, so an entry does not mean that modulating this target is known to cause that condition.
Clinical trials
Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein. Ranked by active status, then clinical phase and recency, and spread across the targeting drugs.
View all trials (26)Hide
ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.
What's happening now
Recent therapeutic activity around this target — regulatory actions, clinical trials and safety signals for 3 drugs that target this protein, plus publications where such a drug is a genuine subject. Every item is reached indirectly through the drug, not the protein itself; incidental mentions (a paper that merely measures a drug) and press items are excluded.
- Label change
Label change: AFLIBERCEPT-JBVF (BLA761274)
- Trial status changed
A Randomized, Partially Masked, Controlled, Phase 3 Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of RGX-314 Gene Therapy in Participants With nAMD
- Supplemental approval
Supplemental approval: AFLIBERCEPT-JBVF (BLA761274)
- New publicationFour-Year Outcomes of Faricimab in Diabetic Macular Edema: Results from the RHONE-X Extension Trial.
- Regulatory approval
Approval: Eyluxvi (EMA)
- Regulatory approval
Approval: Afiveg (EMA)
- Product recall
Recall (Class II): AFLIBERCEPT
- New publicationEfficacy, durability, and safety of intravitreal faricimab up to every 16 weeks for neovascular age-related macular degeneration (TENAYA and LUCERNE): two randomised, double-masked, phase 3, non-inferiority trials.
- Safety communication
Drug Safety Update: Brolucizumab (Beovu▼): risk of intraocular inflammation and retinal vascular occlusion increased with short dosing intervals
- New publicationEffect of Bevacizumab vs Aflibercept on Visual Acuity Among Patients With Macular Edema Due to Central Retinal Vein Occlusion: The SCORE2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
- Safety communication
Drug Safety Update: Aflibercept (Zaltrap▼): minimising the risk of osteonecrosis of the jaw
- New publicationA single-arm, investigator-initiated study of the efficacy, safety and tolerability of intravitreal aflibercept injection in subjects with exudative age-related macular degeneration, previously treated with ranibizumab or bevacizumab: 6-month interim analysis.
Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.
Research activity
Papers linked directly to this protein. This is the protein's own literature — descriptor-derived papers are kept separate below.
Most cited
Recent
Europe PMC papers linked directly to this protein.