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Protein / target

Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase subunit beta-2

Encoded byATP1B2P14415Homo sapiensSwiss-Prot
Clinically validated
Therapeutic maturity
5
Approved medicines
Open Targets target-level
View by indication →
30
Clinical trials
Small-molecule tractable
Druggability
Advanced Clinical

Protein at a glance

Biological role

Protein-macromolecule adaptor

Strongest disease association

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2

Via encoding gene ATP1B2 · Genetic evidence · score 0.67

Therapeutic position

Established drug target

Small molecules

Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.

Protein profile

UniProt 2026_02

Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.

Function overview

This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane.

View complete UniProt function annotation

This is the non-catalytic component of the active enzyme, which catalyzes the hydrolysis of ATP coupled with the exchange of Na(+) and K(+) ions across the plasma membrane. The exact function of the beta-2 subunit is not known

Subcellular location

Cell membrane
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (38)

Gene Ontology

  • Capical plasma membrane
  • Castrocyte end-foot
  • Castrocyte projection
  • Ccell body membrane
  • Ccell periphery
  • Ccell projection membrane
  • Ccytoplasm
  • Cexternal side of plasma membrane
  • Clateral plasma membrane
  • Cmembrane
  • Cneuron to neuron synapse
  • Cphotoreceptor inner segment

290 aa · 33 kDa

Biological roles

Reactome v97

What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.

Cell migrationGO
View supporting evidence

Cell migration

  • ·negative regulation of glial cell migration
  • ·neuronal-glial interaction involved in hindbrain glial-mediated radial cell migration
View underlying pathways (4)

Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.

Interaction neighbourhood

STRING v12.0

Proteins with the strongest functional or physical association. Node size and line weight reflect STRING confidence; hover or select a partner to inspect one association.

ATP1A2ATP1A3ATP1A1ATP1A4ATP1B1FXYD2ATP1B3FXYD1PRKG1ATP1B4ATP1B2

10 strongest partners — larger node and heavier line mean higher confidence

Functional and physical associations from STRING v12.0. Only associations with this protein are drawn — partner-to-partner links are not part of this evidence.

Approved medicines with mapped indications

1 medicine · 3 areas

Approved therapies targeting this protein, grouped by what they are approved to treat — the disease-first view of the medicines below. Relationships come from the canonical approved-indication graph (ChEMBL phase-4), the same source as the drug cards.

Atrial Fibrillation1 medicine
Heart Failure1 medicine
Broader indication categories (1)
Cardiovascular Diseases1 medicine

Broad umbrella indications (e.g. “Neoplasms”). Shown here because every medicine also appears under a more specific disease above — kept for completeness, de-emphasised for clarity.

5 medicines meet Open Targets' target-level approved-medicine definition; the 1 shown here are those on this page with a canonical approved disease indication in the graph. Approved indications from ChEMBL (phase-4), via the canonical drug→disease graph.

Drugs targeting this protein

1

How approved and investigational drugs engage this protein — mechanism and action type, direct vs complex targeting, and how broadly each acts across other targets. A drug-first view (the section above groups the approved ones disease-first); direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.

Digoxin
ApprovedInhibitor

Sodium/potassium-transporting ATPase inhibitor

Indicated for Atrial Fibrillation, Heart Failure, Cardiovascular Diseases

Acts on a complex — shared with ATP1A1, ATP1B1, ATP1A2 +4 more · 1 of 8 recorded protein targets — broad pharmacology

ChEMBL mechanism, action type, target identity and approved indications. Open Targets clinical status.

Translational evidence

Open Targets 26

Why this target matters therapeutically, strongest evidence first. Disease associations are gene-level (via the gene that encodes this protein) and open into the full confidence synthesis; the development universe, tractability and safety annotations are target-level, from Open Targets.

Strongest disease associations · via encoding gene ATP1B2

Gene-level evidence surfaced through the gene ATP1B2 that encodes this protein — not a direct protein–disease relationship. Ranked by Forefront's causal-directness weighting, so genetically- and clinically-evidenced diseases lead over ones that merely share the literature.

Atrial Fibrillation
0.81Well supported

Clinical evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.64

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
0.70Moderately supported

Genetic evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.43

Testicular Diseases
0.40Limited support

Genetic evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.24

Neurodegenerative Diseases
0.17Preliminary

Pathway evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.25 · no direct causal or clinical evidence

View evidence synthesis (4)
Atrial FibrillationWell supported
0.81
agreement 0.710.91
Clinical72%Genetic28%

Open Targets aggregate 0.64 · 2 independent evidence families

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2Moderately supported
0.70
agreement 0.600.80
Genetic88%Clinical12%

Open Targets aggregate 0.43 · 2 independent evidence families

Testicular DiseasesLimited support
0.40
agreement 0.280.52
Genetic100%

Open Targets aggregate 0.24 · 1 independent evidence family

Neurodegenerative DiseasesPreliminary
0.17
agreement 0.000.34
Pathway99%Literature1%

Open Targets aggregate 0.25 · 2 independent evidence families · no direct causal or clinical evidence

The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the per-type scores above show the calculation.

Show all associations
Atrial Fibrillation0.64
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 20.43
Neurodegenerative Diseases0.25
Testicular Diseases0.24

Drug development

6 compounds recorded · 5 approved · 1 in clinical development

Open Targets' development universe — every compound recorded against the target at any stage, not all approved medicines. Distinct from the 1 drug that targets this protein in Forefront's canonical graph (1 with a mapped approved indication, shown above): these count different sets and are not a subset relation.

View all recorded compounds (6)
DIGOXINApproval
DIGITOXINApproval
LANATOSIDE CApproval
DESLANOSIDEApproval
ISTAROXIMEPhase 2 3
ACETYLDIGITOXINApproval

Open Targets known-drugs universe. Drug name and highest clinical stage only — the disease relationship is NOT read from this slice (it carries trial-context noise); approved indications come from the canonical graph above.

Tractability

Small moleculesStrong

Advanced Clinical and High-Quality Ligand support this modality.

AntibodiesEmerging

Feasibility evidence (go cc high conf and uniprot loc med conf) — no clinical-stage drug of this modality recorded.

Protein degradersEmerging

Feasibility evidence (database ubiquitination and half-life data) — no clinical-stage drug of this modality recorded.

View underlying tractability evidence (8)
SM · Advanced ClinicalSM · High-Quality LigandSM · Druggable FamilyAB · GO CC high confAB · UniProt loc med confAB · UniProt SigP or TMHMMPR · Database UbiquitinationPR · Half-life Data

Raw Open Targets tractability assessment buckets, by modality.

Safety-related annotations

atrioventricular blockLynch et al. (2017)decreased heart rateLynch et al. (2017)increased urine excretionLynch et al. (2017)vomitingLynch et al. (2017)increased cardiac contractilityLynch et al. (2017)cardiac arrhythmiaLynch et al. (2017)increased urinary sodium excretionLynch et al. (2017)ventricular fibrillationLynch et al. (2017)

Terms indexed against this target in Open Targets' safety data, with their datasource. These are annotations, not causal claims: the direction of effect (whether activation or inhibition is implicated), species and evidence strength are not captured here, so an entry does not mean that modulating this target is known to cause that condition.

Clinical trials

30

Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein. Ranked by active status, then clinical phase and recency, and spread across the targeting drugs.

View all trials (26)

RECRUITING · via Digoxin · NCT06588699

TERMINATED · via Digoxin · NCT05014087

ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.

What's happening now

12

Recent therapeutic activity around this target — regulatory actions, clinical trials and safety signals for a drug that targets this protein, plus publications where such a drug is a genuine subject. Every item is reached indirectly through the drug, not the protein itself; incidental mentions (a paper that merely measures a drug) and press items are excluded.

  1. Trial status changed2026-08-19

    A Phase 1, Open-Label, Two-Cohort Study to Assess the Effect of a Strong CYP3A4 Inducer on the Pharmacokinetics of Atumelnant and the Effect of Atumelnant on the Pharmacokinetics of CYP3A4, P-gp, and MATE1/2-K Substrates in Healthy Participants

    Status changed to Completed · ClinicalTrials.gov · via Digoxin

  2. Label change2026-08-10

    Label change: DIGOXIN (ANDA040481)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via Digoxin

  3. Trial status changed2026-07-30

    A Phase 2a Biomarker-Driven Trial of Oral Digoxin in Individuals With Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) - The Acacia Trial, an ALS MyMatch Trial

    Status changed to Completed · ClinicalTrials.gov · via Digoxin

  4. Trial status changed2026-07-22

    A Phase 1, 3-part, Open-label Study to Evaluate the Effects of KarXT Administration on the Pharmacokinetics of Midazolam, Fexofenadine, and Digoxin in Healthy Adult Participants

    Status changed to Completed · ClinicalTrials.gov · via Digoxin

  5. Trial status changed2026-07-20

    A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Effect of Multiple Doses of ABBV-722 on the Pharmacokinetics of Cocktail Probe Substrates of CYP3A and Select Transporters in Healthy Adult Subjects

    Status changed to Active, not recruiting · ClinicalTrials.gov · via Digoxin

  6. New publication2024-01-25
    Drug-Drug Interactions Between Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Oral Medications: A Systematic Review.

    Drug safety · 2024 · 37 citations · Europe PMC · via Digoxin

  7. Label change2020-07-16

    Label change: DIGOXIN (ANDA040481)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via Digoxin

  8. Label change2020-07-16

    Label change: DIGOXIN (ANDA040481)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via Digoxin

  9. Label change2016-11-02

    Label change: DIGOXIN (ANDA040481)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via Digoxin

  10. Label change2010-05-18

    Label change: DIGOXIN (ANDA040481)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via Digoxin

  11. Regulatory approval2003-08-21

    Approval: DIGOXIN (ANDA040481)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via Digoxin

  12. New publication2002-12-01
    Dual-chamber pacing or ventricular backup pacing in patients with an implantable defibrillator: the Dual Chamber and VVI Implantable Defibrillator (DAVID) Trial.

    JAMA · 2002 · 1,354 citations · Europe PMC · via Digoxin

Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.