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Protein / target

Synaptosomal-associated protein 25

Encoded bySNAP25P60880Homo sapiensSwiss-Prot
Clinically validated
Therapeutic maturity
6
Approved medicines
Open Targets target-level
View by indication →
30
Clinical trials
Small-molecule tractable
Druggability
Structure with Ligand

Protein at a glance

Biological role

Voltage-gated potassium channel

Strongest disease association

Congenital myasthenic syndromes

Via encoding gene SNAP25 · Genetic evidence · score 0.82

Therapeutic position

Established drug target

Research activity

Emerging research

2 papers · latest 2024

Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.

Protein profile

UniProt 2026_02

Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.

Function overview

t-SNARE involved in the molecular regulation of neurotransmitter release.

View complete UniProt function annotation

t-SNARE involved in the molecular regulation of neurotransmitter release. May play an important role in the synaptic function of specific neuronal systems. Associates with proteins involved in vesicle docking and membrane fusion. Regulates plasma membrane recycling through its interaction with CENPF. Modulates the gating characteristics of the delayed rectifier voltage-dependent potassium channel KCNB1 in pancreatic beta cells

Subcellular location

Cytoplasm, perinuclear regionCell membraneSynapse, synaptosomePhotoreceptor inner segment
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (39)

Domains & features

t-SNARE coiled-coil homology 1t-SNARE coiled-coil homology 2

Gene Ontology

  • Ccell cortex
  • Ccytoplasm
  • Ccytoskeleton
  • Ccytosol
  • Cglutamatergic synapse
  • Cgrowth cone
  • Cmembrane
  • Cneuron projection
  • Cperinuclear region of cytoplasm
  • Cphotoreceptor inner segment
  • Cplasma membrane
  • Cpresynaptic membrane

206 aa · 23 kDa · 2 isoforms

Biological roles

What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.

Synaptic signallingUniProt · GO
View supporting evidence

Synaptic signalling

  • ·Synapse, synaptosome
  • ·glutamatergic synapse
  • ·presynaptic membrane
  • ·ribbon synapse

Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.

Approved medicines with mapped indications

1 medicine · 3 areas

Approved therapies targeting this protein, grouped by what they are approved to treat — the disease-first view of the medicines below. Relationships come from the canonical approved-indication graph (ChEMBL phase-4), the same source as the drug cards.

Migraine Disorders1 medicine
Urinary Bladder, Overactive1 medicine
Urinary Incontinence, Urge1 medicine

6 medicines meet Open Targets' target-level approved-medicine definition; the 1 shown here are those on this page with a canonical approved disease indication in the graph. Approved indications from ChEMBL (phase-4), via the canonical drug→disease graph.

Drugs targeting this protein

1

How approved and investigational drugs engage this protein — mechanism and action type, direct vs complex targeting, and how broadly each acts across other targets. A drug-first view (the section above groups the approved ones disease-first); direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.

botulinum toxin type A
Narrow target profileApprovedHydrolytic enzyme

Synaptosomal nerve-associated protein 25 (SNAP-25) hydrolytic enzyme

Indicated for Migraine Disorders, Urinary Bladder, Overactive, Urinary Incontinence, Urge

Direct interaction with this protein · Only this protein recorded as a target

ChEMBL mechanism, action type, target identity and approved indications. Open Targets clinical status.

Translational evidence

Open Targets 26

Why this target matters therapeutically, strongest evidence first. Disease associations are gene-level (via the gene that encodes this protein) and open into the full confidence synthesis; the development universe, tractability and safety annotations are target-level, from Open Targets.

Strongest disease associations · via encoding gene SNAP25

Gene-level evidence surfaced through the gene SNAP25that encodes this protein — not a direct protein–disease relationship. Ranked by Forefront's causal-directness weighting, so genetically- and clinically-evidenced diseases lead over ones that merely share the literature.

Congenital myasthenic syndromes
0.86Well supported

Genetic evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.69

Genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy
0.82Well supported

Genetic evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.50

Migraine Disorders
0.65Moderately supported

Clinical evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.52

Botulism
0.41Preliminary

Pathway evidence dominant · Open Targets 0.51 · no direct causal or clinical evidence

View evidence synthesis (4)
Congenital myasthenic syndromesWell supported
0.86
agreement 0.740.98
Genetic78%Animal model21%Literature1%Genetic literaturedup

Open Targets aggregate 0.69 · 3 independent evidence families · 1 not counted as duplicate

Genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathyWell supported
0.82
agreement 0.680.96
Genetic99%Literature1%

Open Targets aggregate 0.50 · 2 independent evidence families

Migraine DisordersModerately supported
0.65
agreement 0.550.76
Clinical89%Genetic8%Literature3%

Open Targets aggregate 0.52 · 3 independent evidence families

BotulismPreliminary
0.41
agreement 0.270.55
Pathway74%Animal model22%Literature3%

Open Targets aggregate 0.51 · 3 independent evidence families · no direct causal or clinical evidence

The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the per-type scores above show the calculation.

Show all associations
Congenital myasthenic syndromes0.69
Migraine Disorders0.52
Botulism0.51
Genetic developmental and epileptic encephalopathy0.50

Drug development

8 compounds recorded · 6 approved · 2 in clinical development

Open Targets' development universe — every compound recorded against the target at any stage, not all approved medicines. Distinct from the 1 drug that targets this protein in Forefront's canonical graph (1 with a mapped approved indication, shown above): these count different sets and are not a subset relation.

View all recorded compounds (8)
BOTULINUM TOXIN TYPE AApproval
TRENIBOTULINUMTOXINEPhase 3
INCOBOTULINUMTOXINAApproval
LETIBOTULINUMTOXINAApproval
PRABOTULINUMTOXIN AApproval
ABOBOTULINUMTOXINAApproval
DAXIBOTULINUMTOXINAApproval
ONABOTULINUMTOXINAPhase 3

Open Targets known-drugs universe. Drug name and highest clinical stage only — the disease relationship is NOT read from this slice (it carries trial-context noise); approved indications come from the canonical graph above.

Tractability

Small moleculesEmerging

Feasibility evidence (structure with ligand) — no clinical-stage drug of this modality recorded.

AntibodiesEmerging

Feasibility evidence (go cc high conf and uniprot loc med conf) — no clinical-stage drug of this modality recorded.

Protein degradersEmerging

Feasibility evidence (database ubiquitination and half-life data) — no clinical-stage drug of this modality recorded.

Other modalitiesStrong

Approved Drug support this modality.

View underlying tractability evidence (7)
SM · Structure with LigandAB · GO CC high confAB · UniProt loc med confAB · Human Protein Atlas locPR · Database UbiquitinationPR · Half-life DataOC · Approved Drug

Raw Open Targets tractability assessment buckets, by modality.

Clinical trials

30

Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein. Ranked by active status, then clinical phase and recency, and spread across the targeting drugs.

View all trials (26)

ACTIVE_NOT_RECRUITING · via botulinum toxin type A · NCT04069897

RECRUITING · via botulinum toxin type A · NCT07666347

WITHDRAWN · via botulinum toxin type A · NCT06237465

COMPLETED · via botulinum toxin type A · NCT02147561

WITHDRAWN · via botulinum toxin type A · NCT01272414

ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.

What's happening now

12

Recent therapeutic activity around this target — regulatory actions, clinical trials and safety signals for a drug that targets this protein, plus publications where such a drug is a genuine subject. Every item is reached indirectly through the drug, not the protein itself; incidental mentions (a paper that merely measures a drug) and press items are excluded.

  1. Trial results posted2026-07-27

    The Effect of Zinc Supplementation Prior to Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injection in the Treatment of Spasmodic Dysphonia

    Results posted · ClinicalTrials.gov · via botulinum toxin type A

  2. Trial status changed2026-07-27

    The Effect of Zinc Supplementation Prior to Botulinum Neurotoxin Type A Injection in the Treatment of Spasmodic Dysphonia

    Status changed to Completed · ClinicalTrials.gov · via botulinum toxin type A

  3. Indication expanded2026-06-25

    Indication expansion: INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA (BLA125360)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via botulinum toxin type A

  4. Label change2026-03-20

    Label change: INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA (BLA125360)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via botulinum toxin type A

  5. Label change2026-02-26

    Label change: INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA (BLA125360)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via botulinum toxin type A

  6. Label change2025-12-17

    Label change: INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA (BLA125360)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via botulinum toxin type A

  7. Indication expanded2024-07-05

    Indication expansion: INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA (BLA125360)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via botulinum toxin type A

  8. Label change2023-09-08

    Label change: INCOBOTULINUMTOXINA (BLA125360)

    fda · regulatory · fda · via botulinum toxin type A

  9. New publication2015-10-01
    Efficacy of Intralesional Botulinum Toxin A for Treatment of Painful Cutaneous Leiomyomas: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

    JAMA dermatology · 2015 · 16 citations · Europe PMC · via botulinum toxin type A

  10. New publication2010-09-01
    Intraarticular botulinum toxin A for refractory painful total knee arthroplasty: a randomized controlled trial.

    The Journal of rheumatology · 2010 · 37 citations · Europe PMC · via botulinum toxin type A

  11. New publication2007-12-05
    Botulinum toxin A for the treatment of delayed gastric emptying.

    The American journal of gastroenterology · 2008 · 236 citations · Europe PMC · via botulinum toxin type A

  12. New publication2000-08-01
    Impact of botulinum toxin type A on disability and carer burden due to arm spasticity after stroke: a randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.

    Journal of neurology, neurosurgery, and psychiatry · 2000 · 187 citations · Europe PMC · via botulinum toxin type A

Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.

Research activity

2 papers · to 2024

Papers linked directly to this protein. This is the protein's own literature — descriptor-derived papers are kept separate below.

Most cited

Recent

Europe PMC papers linked directly to this protein.