Protein / target

Interleukin-13

IL13P35225Homo sapiensSwiss-Prot
Clinically validated
Therapeutic maturity
2
Approved medicines
30
Clinical trials
Small-molecule tractable
Druggability
High-Quality Pocket

Protein at a glance

Biological role

Interleukin-13 receptor binding

Primary system

Immune system

Strongest disease association

asthma

Genetic evidence · score 0.95

Therapeutic maturity

Clinically validated target

2 approved medicines against this target

Druggability

Small molecule

Open Targets tractability · High-Quality Pocket

Clinical development

2 approved · 5 in clinical development

30 linked trials

Research activity

Emerging research

7 papers · latest 2024

Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.

Protein profile

UniProt 2026_02

Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.

Function

Cytokine that plays important roles in allergic inflammation and immune response to parasite infection (PubMed:8096327, PubMed:8097324). Synergizes with IL2 in regulating interferon-gamma synthesis (PubMed:8096327). Stimulates B-cell proliferation, and activation of eosinophils, basophils, and mast cells (PubMed:7903680, PubMed:8759755). Plays an important role in controlling IL33 activity by modulating the production of transmembrane and soluble forms of interleukin-1 receptor-like 1/IL1RL1 (By similarity). Displays the capacity to antagonize Th1-driven proinflammatory immune response and downregulates synthesis of many proinflammatory cytokines including IL1, IL6, IL10, IL12 and TNF through a mechanism that partially involves suppression of NF-kappa-B (By similarity). Also functions on nonhematopoietic cells, including endothelial cells where it induces vascular cell adhesion protein 1/VCAM1, which is important in the recruitment of eosinophils (PubMed:8639787). Exerts its biological effects through its receptors which comprises the IL4R chain and the IL13RA1 chain, to activate JAK1 and TYK2, leading to the activation of STAT6 (PubMed:9013879). Aside from IL13RA1, another receptor IL13RA2 acts as a high affinity decoy for IL13 and mediates internalization and depletion of extracellular IL13 (PubMed:21622864). Induces inflammatory response in esophageal epithelium which results in a dysregulation of desmosome intercellular adhesion junctions, via down-regulation of DSG1 (PubMed:24220297)

Subcellular location

Secreted
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (41)

Gene Ontology

  • Ccytoplasm
  • Cexternal side of plasma membrane
  • Cextracellular region
  • Cextracellular space
  • Cplasma membrane
  • Fcytokine activity
  • Finterleukin-13 receptor binding
  • Papoptotic process
  • Pcell surface receptor signaling pathway via JAK-STAT
  • Pcellular response to mechanical stimulus
  • PERK1 and ERK2 cascade
  • Pimmune response

146 aa · 16 kDa

Biological roles

Reactome v97

What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.

Immune signallingUniProt · GO · ReactomeTranscriptional regulationGOApoptosis & cell deathGOKinase signallingGOCell adhesionUniProt
View supporting evidence

Immune signalling

  • ·Cytokine that plays important roles in allergic inflammation and immune response to para…
  • ·cytokine activity
  • ·interleukin-13 receptor binding
  • ·immune response

Transcriptional regulation

  • ·positive regulation of gene expression
  • ·positive regulation of transcription by RNA polymerase II

Apoptosis & cell death

  • ·apoptotic process
  • ·negative regulation of endothelial cell apoptotic process

Kinase signalling

  • ·positive regulation of tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT protein

Cell adhesion

  • ·Cytokine that plays important roles in allergic inflammation and immune response to para…
View underlying pathways (3)

Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.

Interaction neighbourhood

STRING v12.0

Proteins with the strongest functional or physical association. Node size and line weight reflect STRING confidence; hover or select a partner to inspect one association.

IL13RA1IL4RIL13RA2IL4IL5STAT6IFNGTNFIL6IL1BIL13

10 strongest partners — larger node and heavier line mean higher confidence

Functional and physical associations from STRING v12.0. Only associations with this protein are drawn — partner-to-partner links are not part of this evidence.

Drugs targeting this protein

2

Whether each drug engages this protein directly or through a complex, and how many other targets are recorded for it. Direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.

tralokinumab
Narrow target profileApprovedInhibitor

Interleukin-13 inhibitor

Appears in clinical studies involving atopic eczema, Eczematoid dermatitis, atopic eczema, ulcerative colitis

Direct interaction with this protein · Only this protein recorded as a target

lebrikizumab
Narrow target profileApprovedInhibitor

Interleukin-13 inhibitor

Appears in clinical studies involving Eczematoid dermatitis, atopic eczema, atopic eczema, asthma

Direct interaction with this protein · Only this protein recorded as a target

ChEMBL mechanism, action type and target identity. Open Targets clinical status and indications.

Translational evidence

Open Targets 26

Why this target matters therapeutically — disease associations, drugs in development, tractability and safety, from Open Targets.

Strongest genetic associations

Human genetic evidence — the most direct causal link between this target and a disease.

asthma0.95

Genetic · overall 0.70

atopic eczema0.87

Genetic · overall 0.73

psoriasis0.86

Genetic · overall 0.54

respiratory system disorder0.83

Genetic · overall 0.51

Eczematoid dermatitis0.81

Genetic · overall 0.62

Highest-confidence therapeutic associations

Diseases where a drug acting on this target has already reached clinical development.

allergic rhinitis0.12

Clinical · overall 0.54

Highest overall evidence

Remaining associations by Open Targets' aggregated evidence score.

skin disorder0.49

Genetic

childhood onset asthma0.49

Genetic

Wheezing0.48

Genetic

allergic disease0.47

Genetic

Show all associations
atopic eczema0.73
asthma0.70
Eczematoid dermatitis0.62
allergic rhinitis0.54
psoriasis0.54
respiratory system disorder0.51
skin disorder0.49
childhood onset asthma0.49
Wheezing0.48
allergic disease0.47

Open Targets ranks 1,388 associations for this target and we store the top 10 by aggregated score. The long tail is largely literature co-mention and RNA-expression evidence, not evidence that this target drives those diseases.

Known drugs · 7 total

LEBRIKIZUMABApproval

Eczematoid dermatitis · atopic eczema · atopic eczema

ANRUKINZUMABPhase 2

asthma · ulcerative colitis

CNTO-5825Phase 1

allergic asthma

QAX-576Phase 2

allergic rhinitis · idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis · pulmonary fibrosis

ROMILKIMABPhase 2

idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis · pulmonary fibrosis · systemic sclerosis

CENDAKIMABPhase 3

eosinophilic esophagitis · eosinophilic gastroenteritis · atopic eczema

TRALOKINUMABApproval

atopic eczema · Eczematoid dermatitis · atopic eczema

Tractability

SM · High-Quality PocketAB · Approved DrugAB · GO CC high confAB · UniProt loc med confAB · UniProt SigP or TMHMM

Safety liabilities

drug toxicity

Clinical trials

30

Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein.

Show remaining trials (24)

ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.

Research activity

7 papers · to 2024

Papers linked directly to this protein. This is the protein's own literature — descriptor-derived papers are kept separate below.

Most cited

Recent

Europe PMC papers linked directly to this protein.

Forefront confidence

Synthesis

Our own weighting of the evidence behind each disease association. Human genetics and clinical evidence count for most; literature co-mention counts for little, because two entities sharing an abstract is not evidence that one drives the other.

asthmaWell supported
0.98
agreement 0.891.00
Genetic55%Clinical29%Literature9%Animal model7%RNA expression1%

Open Targets aggregate 0.70 · 5 independent evidence families

atopic eczemaWell supported
0.97
agreement 0.861.00
Genetic52%Clinical44%Literature4%

Open Targets aggregate 0.73 · 3 independent evidence families

Eczematoid dermatitisWell supported
0.93
agreement 0.821.00
Genetic54%Clinical41%Literature5%

Open Targets aggregate 0.62 · 3 independent evidence families

psoriasisWell supported
0.87
agreement 0.760.97
Genetic92%Literature7%Clinical1%

Open Targets aggregate 0.54 · 3 independent evidence families

respiratory system disorderWell supported
0.83
agreement 0.690.97
Genetic98%Literature2%

Open Targets aggregate 0.51 · 2 independent evidence families

This ranking differs from Open Targets' own: re-weighting moves genetically-evidenced diseases above more heavily co-mentioned ones. The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the underlying per-type scores are shown above so the calculation can be checked.

What's happening now

6

Recent activity around this target, drawn from one canonical event stream. Every item is reached through 2 drugs that target this protein, so each event is news about that drug rather than about the protein directly.

  1. Regulatory approval2023-11-16

    Approval: Ebglyss (EMA)

    ema · regulatory · ema · via lebrikizumab

  2. New publication2023-06-01
    Efficacy and Safety of Tralokinumab in Adolescents With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis: The Phase 3 ECZTRA 6 Randomized Clinical Trial.

    JAMA dermatology · 2023 · 112 citations · Europe PMC · via tralokinumab

  3. Regulatory approval2021-06-17

    Approval: Adtralza (EMA)

    ema · regulatory · ema · via tralokinumab

  4. New publication2020-12-30
    Tralokinumab for moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: results from two 52-week, randomized, double-blind, multicentre, placebo-controlled phase III trials (ECZTRA 1 and ECZTRA 2).

    The British journal of dermatology · 2021 · 430 citations · Europe PMC · via tralokinumab

  5. New publication2020-04-01
    Efficacy and Safety of Lebrikizumab, a High-Affinity Interleukin 13 Inhibitor, in Adults With Moderate to Severe Atopic Dermatitis: A Phase 2b Randomized Clinical Trial.

    JAMA dermatology · 2020 · 242 citations · Europe PMC · via lebrikizumab

  6. New publication2014-10-10
    Tralokinumab for moderate-to-severe UC: a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase IIa study.

    Gut · 2015 · 126 citations · Europe PMC · via tralokinumab

Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.