Drug

Cocaine

In clinical development

Emerging researchLate-stage developmentRising momentum

Also known as Benzoylmethylecgonine, Goprelto, Kokain, L-Cocain+11 more

Benzoylmethylecgonine, Goprelto, Kokain, L-Cocain, L-Cocaine, Methyl benzoylecgonine, Neurocaine, Numbrino, beta-Cocain, cocaine (Schedule I substance), (-)-Cocaine, Cocain, Cocaina, Cocaine Hydrochloride, Cocainum.

RxNorm2653 ChEMBLCHEMBL370805 ATCN01BC01 ATCS02DA02 ATCS01HA01 ATCR02AD03UNIII5Y540LHVR

Research papers

Active clinical trials

Latest activity

beta

Recent clinical, regulatory, research and industry developments relating to this drug.

Bar adsorptive microextraction for the qualitative detection of cocaine and its metabolites in urine for anti-doping control

Industry2026-07-09Nature — Environmental Sciences

Potential Cocaine Addiction Targets Identified Through Genetic Mapping in Rats

Industry2026-06-11GEN News

Targeting Immune Inflammation in Cocaine Use Disorder: A Human Laboratory Study With Pentoxifylline

Clinical trial2026-06-08Results expected Q1 2028 · ClinicalTrials.gov

Behavioral Effects of Drugs (Inpatient): 42 (Cocaine and Zolmitriptan)

Clinical trial2025-08-05Results posted · ClinicalTrials.gov

Intranasal Cocaine and Temperature Regulation During Exercise

Clinical trial2025-07-14Results posted · ClinicalTrials.gov

Astrocytes Control Cocaine-Induced Synaptic Plasticity and Reward Through the Matricellular Protein Hevin.

Research2025-03-18Biological psychiatry

Astrocytes Mediate Psychostimulant-Induced Alterations of Spike-Timing Dependent Synaptic Plasticity.

Research2025-01-13Glia

Targeting Neuroplasticity in Substance Use Disorders: Implications for Therapeutics.

Research2024-12-17Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology

A long noncoding eRNA forms R-loops to shape emotional experience-induced behavioral adaptation.

Research2024-12-12Science (New York, N.Y.)

Phase 1, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Study to Assess Potential Interactions Between Intravenous Cocaine and Oral STP7

Clinical trial2024-10-07Completed · ClinicalTrials.gov

Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) Modulates Synaptic Plasticity in the Infralimbic Cortex via Trk-B Receptor Activation to Reduce Drug-Seeking in Male Rats.

Research2024-06-05The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience

Phase 1, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Assessment of Potential Interactions Between Intravenous Cocaine and Clavulanic Acid

Clinical trial2023-11-03Results posted · ClinicalTrials.gov

Profile

Identifiers & mechanism

Canonical identifiers, marketed brand names and mechanism, resolved across RxNorm, ChEMBL and ATC.

Canonical name

Cocaine

Aliases & brands

BenzoylmethylecgonineGopreltoKokainL-CocainL-CocaineMethyl benzoylecgonineNeurocaineNumbrinobeta-Cocaincocaine (Schedule I substance)(-)-CocaineCocainCocainaCocaine HydrochlorideCocainum

RxNorm CUI

2653

ChEMBL ID

CHEMBL370805

ATC codes

N01BC01S02DA02S01HA01R02AD03

UNII

I5Y540LHVR

Clinical trials

37 trials

The current development programme across all trial phases — status mix, phase distribution and the late-stage studies shaping the evidence base.

Development programme

CLINICALTRIALS.GOV · LIVE REGISTRY

registered trials across all phases

LATEST COMPLETION 2025

Active studies

Recruiting

Late-stage (III+)

Completed

Discontinued

PHASE DISTRIBUTIONn = 37

Early Phase 19Phase 118Phase 1 / 23Phase 23Phase 42Phase N / A2

Late-stage studies

Phase III+ trials still open or recently active — where late-stage evidence is being generated.

Comparison of Topical Vasoconstriction in Endoscopic Sinus Surgery: Cocaine Versus Adrenaline

CompletedPH IVMarc Tewfikn=452013

Brain Imaging: Cocaine Effects & Medication Development

WithdrawnPH IVNew York State Psychiatric Institute1995

Recent completions

Trials that read out recently, adding to the completed evidence base.

Behavioral Effects of Drugs (Inpatient): 42 (Cocaine and Zolmitriptan)

CompletedPH IWilliam Stoopsn=122025

Phase 1, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Parallel Group Study to Assess Potential Interactions Between Intravenous Cocaine and Oral STP7

CompletedPH IStalicla SAn=212024

Intranasal Cocaine and Temperature Regulation During Exercise

CompletedPH I/IIUniversity of Texas Southwestern Medical Centern=272024

Influence of Orexin Antagonism on Motivation for Cocaine

CompletedPH IWilliam Stoopsn=82022

Topiramate-Phentermine Combinations for Cocaine Dependence

CompletedPH IUniversity of Kentuckyn=382019

Influence of Methylphenidate and Duloxetine Maintenance on Pharmacodynamic Effects of Cocaine

CompletedPH ICraig Rushn=92019

Research activity

6 papers

Key research shaping understanding of this drug, combining the latest publications with the most influential evidence.

Publications over time

20032025

Most influential

Prefrontal glutamate release into the core of the nucleus accumbens mediates cocaine-induced reinstatement of drug-seeking behavior.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2003 · 705 cites

A long noncoding eRNA forms R-loops to shape emotional experience-induced behavioral adaptation.

Science (New York, N.Y.) · 2024 · 21 cites

Targeting Neuroplasticity in Substance Use Disorders: Implications for Therapeutics.

Annual review of pharmacology and toxicology · 2025 · 18 cites

Astrocytes Control Cocaine-Induced Synaptic Plasticity and Reward Through the Matricellular Protein Hevin.

Biological psychiatry · 2025 · 9 cites

Vagus Nerve Stimulation (VNS) Modulates Synaptic Plasticity in the Infralimbic Cortex via Trk-B Receptor Activation to Reduce Drug-Seeking in Male Rats.

The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024 · 6 cites

Astrocytes Mediate Psychostimulant-Induced Alterations of Spike-Timing Dependent Synaptic Plasticity.

Glia · 2025 · 2 cites

Related drugs

2 matches

Drugs sharing diseases, protein targets and literature with this one. Ranked by graph evidence (shared targets + diseases weighted above co-mentions).

Dopamine

Studied across 3 of the same disease areas as Cocaine in the shared literature.

3 shared diseases1 shared paper

Amphetamine

Studied across the same disease area as Cocaine in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper

References & data sources

RxNorm (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — drug identity
ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI) & UniProt — pharmacology and targets
Europe PMC — research literature
ClinicalTrials.gov — clinical trials