Drug

Metformin

Approved · FDA

Actively researchedLate-stage developmentRising momentum

Also known as Actoplus Met, Alogliptin-Metformin, Avandamet, Fortamet+27 more

Actoplus Met, Alogliptin-Metformin, Avandamet, Fortamet, Glipizide-Metformin, Glucophage, Glucovance, Glumetza, Glyburide-Metformin, Invokamet, Janumet, Janumet XR, Jentadueto, Kazano, Kombiglyze, Metaglip, PrandiMet, Repaglinide-Metformin, Riomet, Segluromet, Synjardy, Trijardy, Xigduo, Zituvimet, Metformina, Metformine, 1,1-Dimethylbiguanide, Dimethylbiguanid, MetFORMIN Hydrochloride, Metformin Hcl-Saxagliptin ER, Metforminum.

RxNorm6809 ChEMBLCHEMBL1431 ATCA10BA02UNII9100L32L2N

Research papers

Active clinical trials

Regulatory events

Latest activity

beta

Recent clinical, regulatory, research and industry developments relating to this drug.

A Phase 1 Study to Evaluate the Effect of Multiple Doses of ABBV-722 on the Pharmacokinetics of Cocktail Probe Substrates of CYP3A and Select Transporters in Healthy Adult Subjects

Clinical trial2026-07-20Status changed to Active, not recruiting · ClinicalTrials.gov

Label change: METFORMIN (ANDA200690)

Regulatory2026-06-26FDA

Label change: METFORMIN (ANDA200690)

Regulatory2026-06-26FDA

Relapse in Previously Irradiated Prostate Bed : a Phase I/II Study of Stereotactic Ablative Reirradiation Potentiated by Metformin

Clinical trial2026-06-23Results expected Q4 2031 · ClinicalTrials.gov

RESOLVE: A Multi-Cohort Phase 2 Study of Letrozole/Abemaciclib Alone and in Combination With Metformin and Gedatolisib

Clinical trial2026-06-22Results expected Q3 2028 · ClinicalTrials.gov

A Phase I, Open-Label, Dose-Escalation Study Evaluating the Safety, Tolerability, and Pharmacokinetics of GDC-0077 as a Single Agent in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic PIK3CA-Mutant Solid Tumors and in Combination With Endocrine and Targeted Therapies in Patients With Locally Advanced or Metastatic PIK3CA-Mutant Breast Cancer

Clinical trial2026-06-10Results expected Q4 2026 · ClinicalTrials.gov

Unlocking Alzheimer's Disease: The Role of BDNF Signaling in Neuropathology and Treatment.

Research2025-05-17Neuromolecular medicine

Superior metabolic improvement of polycystic ovary syndrome traits after GLP1-based multi-agonist therapy.

Research2024-10-01Nature communications

Exploring the association between suicidal thoughts, self-injury, and GLP-1 receptor agonists in weight loss treatments: Insights from pharmacovigilance measures and unmasking analysis.

Research2024-03-19European neuropsychopharmacology : the journal of the European College of Neuropsychopharmacology

Cardiovascular/anti-inflammatory drugs repurposed for treating or preventing cancer: A systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials.

Research2024-03-01Cancer medicine

Metformin improves HbA1c in type 2 diabetes — High confidence reached

Research2022-02-01High confidence reached · Forefront confidence

Supplemental approval: METFORMIN (ANDA200690)

Regulatory2016-03-07FDA

Evidence confidence

1 claim

How strongly the incorporated evidence supports specific clinical claims about this treatment. A confidence figure is a current summary of evidence strength, not a permanent verdict.

Improves HbA1c in type 2 diabetes

76%High confidence

Uncertainty ±2%Evidence coverage: SubstantialUpdated 29 July 2026

Evidence is mixed — 89 supporting evidence families · 9 well-powered no-effect results

Confidence is moderated by well-powered no-effect evidence and limited publication incorporation, despite broad trial support.

Profile

Identifiers & mechanism

Canonical identifiers, marketed brand names and mechanism, resolved across RxNorm, ChEMBL and ATC.

Canonical name

Metformin

Aliases & brands

Actoplus MetAlogliptin-MetforminAvandametFortametGlipizide-MetforminGlucophageGlucovanceGlumetzaGlyburide-MetforminInvokametJanumetJanumet XRJentaduetoKazanoKombiglyzeMetaglipPrandiMetRepaglinide-MetforminRiometSeglurometSynjardyTrijardyXigduoZituvimetMetforminaMetformine1,1-DimethylbiguanideDimethylbiguanidMetFORMIN HydrochlorideMetformin Hcl-Saxagliptin ERMetforminum

RxNorm CUI

6809

ChEMBL ID

CHEMBL1431

ATC codes

A10BA02

UNII

9100L32L2N

Regulatory jurisdictions

fda

Regulatory timeline

4 events

The complete regulatory record, grouped by authority — approvals, safety advisories and label changes. Each authority shows its most recent events; expand one to read its full history.

Earliest approval

2012-08-01

Latest approval

2016-03-07

Authorities

FDA

Total events

fdaU.S. Food and Drug Administration· 4 events

2026-06-26Label change

Label change: METFORMIN (ANDA200690)

Evidence ↗

2026-06-26Label change

Label change: METFORMIN (ANDA200690)

Evidence ↗

2016-03-07Supplemental approval

Supplemental approval: METFORMIN (ANDA200690)

Evidence ↗

Data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (U.S. Food and Drug Administration), public domain (CC0).

Clinical trials

196 trials

The current development programme across all trial phases — status mix, phase distribution and the late-stage studies shaping the evidence base.

Development programme

CLINICALTRIALS.GOV · LIVE REGISTRY

196

registered trials across all phases

LATEST COMPLETION 2026

Active studies

Recruiting

118

Late-stage (III+)

120

Completed

Discontinued

PHASE DISTRIBUTIONn = 196

Early Phase 15Phase 126Phase 1 / 24Phase 243Phase 2 / 33Phase 345Phase 446Phase N / A24

Late-stage studies

Phase III+ trials still open or recently active — where late-stage evidence is being generated.

Liraglutide Treatment in Obese Infertile PCOS Women

RecruitingPH IVPeking University Third Hospitaln=8902029

A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled, Multicenter Clinical Trial to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of Metformin in Combination With Secukinumab for the Treatment of Moderate-to-Severe Plaque Psoriasis in Overweight or Obese Chinese Patients

Not yet recruitingPH IVUnion Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technologyn=1862029

Efficacy and Safety of the Triple Combination Therapy of Met/SGLT-2i/GLP-1RA or Other Oral Antidiabetic Drugs in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes Exhibiting Poor Glycemic Control

RecruitingPH IVHangzhou Zhongmei Huadong Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd.n=4302028

Heterogeneity of Diabetes: Integrated Muli-Omics to Identify Physiologic Subphenotypes and Evaluate Targeted Prevention

Not yet recruitingPH IVStanford Universityn=2002027

Efficacy and Safety of Omarigliptin, A Weekly Dipeptidyl Peptidase-4 Inhibitor for Type 2 Diabetes Management: Real-World Evaluation in Bangladesh

Not yet recruitingPH IVBangladesh Institute of Research and Rehabilitation in Diabetes, Endocrine and Metabolic Disordersn=9382025

Recent completions

Trials that read out recently, adding to the completed evidence base.

A Phase 1, Open-Label, Two-Period Fixed Sequence Study to Evaluate the Effects of a Single Oral Dose of Ulonivirine (MK-8507) on the Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics of Atorvastatin and Metformin in Healthy Adult Participants

CompletedPH IMerck Sharp & Dohme LLCn=122026

Pretreatment With CPA-EE, Metformin and Myoinositol in PCOS With High AMH

CompletedN/AMst.Sumyara Khatunn=682026

Metformin Efficacy and Safety for Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia: a Randomized Controlled Trial

CompletedPH IVXijing Hospital of Digestive Diseasesn=1402023

Effects of Myo-inositol on the Menstrual Cycle, Hyperandrogenism, Chronic Inflammatory Process and Carbohydrate Metabolism in Women With Polycystic Ovary Syndrome

CompletedN/AUniversity of Sao Paulo General Hospitaln=602023

Effect of Adding Metformin to Insulin in Uncontrolled Diabetic Patients During the 3rd Trimester of Pregnancy on Glycemic Control, Fetal and Neonatal Outcomes ,Randomized Controlled Trial

CompletedPH IVCairo Universityn=1502023

COVID-OUT: Early Outpatient Treatment for SARS-CoV-2 Infection (COVID-19)

CompletedPH IIIKey trialUniversity of Minnesotan=1,3232022

Research activity

57 papers

Key research shaping understanding of this drug, combining the latest publications with the most influential evidence.

Publications over time

19942025

Most influential

Management of hyperglycemia in type 2 diabetes, 2015: a patient-centered approach: update to a position statement of the American Diabetes Association and the European Association for the Study of Diabetes.

Diabetes care · 2015 · 1,804 cites

Evidence that metformin exerts its anti-diabetic effects through inhibition of complex 1 of the mitochondrial respiratory chain.

The Biochemical journal · 2000 · 1,613 cites

The mechanisms of action of metformin.

Diabetologia · 2017 · 1,447 cites

The updated landscape of tumor microenvironment and drug repurposing.

Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2020 · 900 cites

Effect of genetic variation in the organic cation transporter 1 (OCT1) on metformin action.

The Journal of clinical investigation · 2007 · 673 cites

Interaction between drugs and the gut microbiome.

Gut · 2020 · 652 cites

Related diseases

6 conditions

Regulator-approved indications and conditions co-mentioned with this drug across the research literature. Number shows shared papers.

Active research areas

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 212 Weight Loss4 Insulin Resistance3 Neoplasms3 Polycystic Ovary Syndrome3 Obesity2

Related drugs

8 matches

Drugs sharing diseases, protein targets and literature with this one. Ranked by graph evidence (shared targets + diseases weighted above co-mentions).

Liraglutide

Studied across 11 of the same disease areas as Metformin in the shared literature.

11 shared diseases3 shared papers

Insulin

Studied across 14 of the same disease areas as Metformin in the shared literature.

14 shared diseases1 shared paper

Estrogens

Studied across 10 of the same disease areas as Metformin in the shared literature.

10 shared diseases1 shared paper

Testosterone

Studied across 10 of the same disease areas as Metformin in the shared literature.

10 shared diseases1 shared paper

Tirzepatide

Studied across 7 of the same disease areas as Metformin in the shared literature.

7 shared diseases1 shared paper

Exenatide

Studied across 6 of the same disease areas as Metformin in the shared literature.

6 shared diseases1 shared paper

Sirolimus

Studied across 6 of the same disease areas as Metformin in the shared literature.

6 shared diseases1 shared paper

Empagliflozin

Studied across 3 of the same disease areas as Metformin in the shared literature.

3 shared diseases1 shared paper

References & data sources

RxNorm (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — drug identity
ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI) & UniProt — pharmacology and targets
Europe PMC — research literature
ClinicalTrials.gov — clinical trials
Regulatory event sources are credited in the Regulatory Timeline above.