Protein / target
Thyrotropin receptor
Protein at a glance
Biological role
Thyroid-stimulating hormone receptor
Strongest disease association
Hypothyroidism
Therapeutic position
Established drug target
Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.
Protein profile
Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.
Function overview
Receptor for the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin.
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Receptor for the thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) or thyrotropin (PubMed:11847099, PubMed:12045258). Also acts as a receptor for the heterodimeric glycoprotein hormone (GPHA2:GPHB5) or thyrostimulin (PubMed:12045258). TSHR is coupled to G(s) proteins and mediates the activation of adenylate cyclase (PubMed:11847099, PubMed:35940205, PubMed:35940204). This leads to the generation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), which in turn activates protein kinase A (PKA). PKA subsequently phosphorylates downstream targets involved in thyroid hormone biosynthesis and secretion, including thyroid peroxidase (TPO) and the sodium/iodide symporter (NIS) (PubMed:27638195). Additionally, plays a central role in controlling thyroid cell metabolism (By similarity)
Subcellular location
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (20)Hide
Gene Ontology
- Cbasolateral plasma membrane
- Ccell surface
- Cplasma membrane
- Creceptor complex
- FG protein-coupled peptide receptor activity
- FG protein-coupled receptor activity
- Fprotein-containing complex binding
- Fsignaling receptor activity
- Fthyroid-stimulating hormone receptor activity
- Padenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
- Pcell surface receptor signaling pathway
- Pcell-cell signaling
Biological roles
What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.
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Cell proliferation & survival
- ·positive regulation of cell population proliferation
G protein-coupled signalling
- ·G protein-coupled peptide receptor activity
- ·G protein-coupled receptor activity
- ·adenylate cyclase-activating G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
- ·G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
View underlying pathways (2)Hide underlying pathways
Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.
Interaction neighbourhood
Proteins with the strongest functional or physical association. Node size and line weight reflect STRING confidence; hover or select a partner to inspect one association.
Functional and physical associations from STRING v12.0. Only associations with this protein are drawn — partner-to-partner links are not part of this evidence.
Drugs targeting this protein
How approved and investigational drugs engage this protein — mechanism and action type, direct vs complex targeting, and how broadly each acts across other targets. A drug-first view (the section above groups the approved ones disease-first); direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.
Thyroid stimulating hormone receptor agonist
ChEMBL mechanism, action type, target identity and approved indications. Open Targets clinical status.
Translational evidence
Why this target matters therapeutically, strongest evidence first. Disease associations are gene-level (via the gene that encodes this protein) and open into the full confidence synthesis; the development universe, tractability and safety annotations are target-level, from Open Targets.
Strongest disease associations · via encoding gene TSHR
Gene-level evidence surfaced through the gene TSHRthat encodes this protein — not a direct protein–disease relationship. Ranked by Forefront's causal-directness weighting, so genetically- and clinically-evidenced diseases lead over ones that merely share the literature.
View evidence synthesis (5)Hide
This ranking differs from Open Targets' own: re-weighting moves genetically-evidenced diseases above more heavily co-mentioned ones. The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the per-type scores above show the calculation.
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Drug development
2 compounds recorded · 2 approved
View all recorded compounds (2)Hide
Open Targets known-drugs universe. Drug name and highest clinical stage only — the disease relationship is NOT read from this slice (it carries trial-context noise); approved indications come from the canonical graph above.
Tractability
Small molecules — Emerging
Antibodies — Emerging
Protein degraders — Emerging
Other modalities — Strong
View underlying tractability evidence (8)Hide
Raw Open Targets tractability assessment buckets, by modality.
Safety-related annotations
Terms indexed against this target in Open Targets' safety data, with their datasource. These are annotations, not causal claims: the direction of effect (whether activation or inhibition is implicated), species and evidence strength are not captured here, so an entry does not mean that modulating this target is known to cause that condition.
What's happening now
Recent therapeutic activity around this target — regulatory actions, clinical trials and safety signals for a drug that targets this protein, plus publications where such a drug is a genuine subject. Every item is reached indirectly through the drug, not the protein itself; incidental mentions (a paper that merely measures a drug) and press items are excluded.
- New publicationCentral and Peripheral Sensitivity to Thyroid Hormones Correlate to Metabolically Obesity Phenotypes in Chinese Euthyroid Adults: A Cross-Sectional Study.
- New publicationPrevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and longitudinal thyroid-stimulating hormone changes in youth with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: An observational study.
- New publicationThyroid Hormone Homeostasis in Levothyroxine-treated Patients: Findings From ELSA-Brasil.
- New publicationAssociations between sensitivity to thyroid hormones and insulin resistance in euthyroid adults with obesity.
- New publicationImplications of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist on Thyroid Function: A Literature Review of Its Effects on Thyroid Volume, Risk of Cancer, Functionality and TSH Levels.
- New publicationMulti-trait analysis characterizes the genetics of thyroid function and identifies causal associations with clinical implications.
- New publicationSubclinical Hypothyroidism in Patients with Obesity and Metabolic Syndrome: A Narrative Review.
- New publicationPredictors of controlled attenuation parameter in metabolic dysfunction.
- New publicationEffects of vitamin D supplementation on metabolic parameters, serum irisin and obesity values in women with subclinical hypothyroidism: a double-blind randomized controlled trial.
- New publicationEnvironmental Endocrinology: Parabens Hazardous Effects on Hypothalamic-Pituitary-Thyroid Axis.
- New publicationThyroid Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormones (Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine): An American Thyroid Association-Commissioned Review of Current Clinical and Laboratory Status.
- New publicationAutoantibodies to selenoprotein P in chronic fatigue syndrome suggest selenium transport impairment and acquired resistance to thyroid hormone.
Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.