Protein / target
P2Y purinoceptor 12
Protein at a glance
Biological role
G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor
Strongest disease association
Platelet-type bleeding disorder 8
Therapeutic position
Established drug target
Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.
Protein profile
Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.
Function overview
Receptor for ADP and ATP coupled to G proteins that inhibit the adenylyl cyclase second messenger system.
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Receptor for ADP and ATP coupled to G proteins that inhibit the adenylyl cyclase second messenger system. Not activated by UDP and UTP. Required for normal platelet aggregation and blood coagulation
Subcellular location
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (31)Hide
Gene Ontology
- Ccell body membrane
- Ccell projection membrane
- Ccell surface
- Cmembrane
- Cplasma membrane
- FG protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity
- FG protein-coupled ADP receptor activity
- FG protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor activity
- Fguanyl-nucleotide exchange factor activity
- Padenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
- Pcalcium-mediated signaling
- Pcell projection organization
Biological roles
What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.
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Cell migration
- ·positive regulation of chemotaxis
- ·positive regulation of microglial cell migration
- ·regulation of chemotaxis
- ·regulation of microglial cell migration
Haemostasis
- ·Receptor for ADP and ATP coupled to G proteins that inhibit the adenylyl cyclase second…
- ·hemostasis
- ·platelet activation
- ·platelet aggregation
G protein-coupled signalling
- ·G protein-coupled adenosine receptor activity
- ·G protein-coupled ADP receptor activity
- ·G protein-coupled purinergic nucleotide receptor activity
- ·adenylate cyclase-inhibiting G protein-coupled receptor signaling pathway
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Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.
Interaction neighbourhood
Proteins with the strongest functional or physical association. Node size and line weight reflect STRING confidence; hover or select a partner to inspect one association.
Functional and physical associations from STRING v12.0. Only associations with this protein are drawn — partner-to-partner links are not part of this evidence.
Approved medicines with mapped indications
Approved therapies targeting this protein, grouped by what they are approved to treat — the disease-first view of the medicines below. Relationships come from the canonical approved-indication graph (ChEMBL phase-4), the same source as the drug cards.
12 medicines meet Open Targets' target-level approved-medicine definition; the 3 shown here are those on this page with a canonical approved disease indication in the graph. Approved indications from ChEMBL (phase-4), via the canonical drug→disease graph.
Drugs targeting this protein
How approved and investigational drugs engage this protein — mechanism and action type, direct vs complex targeting, and how broadly each acts across other targets. A drug-first view (the section above groups the approved ones disease-first); direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.
Purinergic receptor P2Y12 negative allosteric modulator
Indicated for Acute Coronary Syndrome, Coronary Artery Disease, Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2, Myocardial Infarction
Purinergic receptor P2Y12 antagonist
Indicated for Acute Coronary Syndrome, Angina, Unstable, Hemorrhage, Myocardial Infarction
Purinergic receptor P2Y12 inhibitor
Indicated for Myocardial Infarction, Thrombosis
ChEMBL mechanism, action type, target identity and approved indications. Open Targets clinical status.
Translational evidence
Why this target matters therapeutically, strongest evidence first. Disease associations are gene-level (via the gene that encodes this protein) and open into the full confidence synthesis; the development universe, tractability and safety annotations are target-level, from Open Targets.
Strongest disease associations · via encoding gene P2RY12
Gene-level evidence surfaced through the gene P2RY12 that encodes this protein — not a direct protein–disease relationship. Ranked by Forefront's causal-directness weighting, so genetically- and clinically-evidenced diseases lead over ones that merely share the literature.
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The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the per-type scores above show the calculation.
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Drug development
15 compounds recorded · 12 approved · 3 in clinical development
View all recorded compounds (10)Hide
Open Targets known-drugs universe. Drug name and highest clinical stage only — the disease relationship is NOT read from this slice (it carries trial-context noise); approved indications come from the canonical graph above.
Tractability
Small molecules — Strong
Antibodies — Emerging
Protein degraders — Emerging
View underlying tractability evidence (8)Hide
Raw Open Targets tractability assessment buckets, by modality.
Safety-related annotations
Terms indexed against this target in Open Targets' safety data, with their datasource. These are annotations, not causal claims: the direction of effect (whether activation or inhibition is implicated), species and evidence strength are not captured here, so an entry does not mean that modulating this target is known to cause that condition.
Clinical trials
Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein. Ranked by active status, then clinical phase and recency, and spread across the targeting drugs.
View all trials (26)Hide
ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.
What's happening now
Recent therapeutic activity around this target — regulatory actions, clinical trials and safety signals for 3 drugs that target this protein, plus publications where such a drug is a genuine subject. Every item is reached indirectly through the drug, not the protein itself; incidental mentions (a paper that merely measures a drug) and press items are excluded.
- Regulatory approval
Approval: TICAGRELOR (ANDA218869)
- Regulatory approval
Approval: CANGRELOR (ANDA213703)
- New publicationEffect of Ticagrelor Monotherapy vs Ticagrelor With Aspirin on Major Bleeding and Cardiovascular Events in Patients With Acute Coronary Syndrome: The TICO Randomized Clinical Trial.
- New publicationA Genotype-Guided Strategy for Oral P2Y<sub>12</sub> Inhibitors in Primary PCI.
- New publicationTicagrelor or Prasugrel in Patients with Acute Coronary Syndromes.
- New publicationEffect of 1-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy Followed by Clopidogrel vs 12-Month Dual Antiplatelet Therapy on Cardiovascular and Bleeding Events in Patients Receiving PCI: The STOPDAPT-2 Randomized Clinical Trial.
- Regulatory approval
Approval: Kengrexal (EMA)
- New publicationPrehospital ticagrelor in ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.
- New publicationBridging antiplatelet therapy with cangrelor in patients undergoing cardiac surgery: a randomized controlled trial.
- Regulatory approval
Approval: Brilique (EMA)
Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.