Protein / target
T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86
Protein at a glance
Biological role
Signaling receptor
Strongest disease association
Multiple Sclerosis
Therapeutic position
Established drug target
Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.
Protein profile
Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.
Function overview
Costimulatory molecule that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily that plays an important role in T-lymphocyte activation.
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Costimulatory molecule that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily that plays an important role in T-lymphocyte activation (PubMed:12196291, PubMed:7694363). Acts as the primary auxiliary signal augmenting the MHC/TCR signal in naive T-cells by acting as a ligand for the CD28 receptor which is constitutively expressed on the cell surface of T-cells (PubMed:12196291, PubMed:7694363). May play a critical role in the early events of T-cell activation and costimulation of naive T-cells, such as deciding between immunity and anergy that is made by T-cells within 24 hours after activation (PubMed:7527824). Also involved in the regulation of B cells function, plays a role in regulating the level of IgG(1) produced. Upon CD40 engagement, activates NF-kappa-B signaling pathway via phospholipase C and protein kinase C activation (By similarity). Also acts as an inhibitor of T-cell activation by acting as a ligand for CTLA4, a decoy receptor, thereby blocking CD28-mediated T-cell priming (PubMed:11279501)
Subcellular location
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (28)Hide
Domains & features
Gene Ontology
- Ccell surface
- Cexternal side of plasma membrane
- Cextracellular exosome
- Cplasma membrane
- Fcoreceptor activity
- Freceptor ligand activity
- Fsignaling receptor activity
- Fvirus receptor activity
- Padaptive immune response
- PB cell activation
- Pcell surface receptor signaling pathway
- Pcellular response to lipopolysaccharide
Biological roles
What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.
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Cell proliferation & survival
- ·positive regulation of cell population proliferation
Immune signalling
- ·Costimulatory molecule that belongs to the immunoglobulin superfamily that plays an impo…
- ·adaptive immune response
- ·B cell activation
- ·immune response
Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.
Approved medicines with mapped indications
Approved therapies targeting this protein, grouped by what they are approved to treat — the disease-first view of the medicines below. Relationships come from the canonical approved-indication graph (ChEMBL phase-4), the same source as the drug cards.
2 medicines meet Open Targets' target-level approved-medicine definition; the 1 shown here are those on this page with a canonical approved disease indication in the graph. Approved indications from ChEMBL (phase-4), via the canonical drug→disease graph.
Drugs targeting this protein
How approved and investigational drugs engage this protein — mechanism and action type, direct vs complex targeting, and how broadly each acts across other targets. A drug-first view (the section above groups the approved ones disease-first); direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.
T-lymphocyte activation antigen CD86 inhibitor
Indicated for Delayed Graft Function, Immune System Diseases
ChEMBL mechanism, action type, target identity and approved indications. Open Targets clinical status.
Translational evidence
Why this target matters therapeutically, strongest evidence first. Disease associations are gene-level (via the gene that encodes this protein) and open into the full confidence synthesis; the development universe, tractability and safety annotations are target-level, from Open Targets.
Strongest disease associations · via encoding gene CD86
Gene-level evidence surfaced through the gene CD86that encodes this protein — not a direct protein–disease relationship. Ranked by Forefront's causal-directness weighting, so genetically- and clinically-evidenced diseases lead over ones that merely share the literature.
View evidence synthesis (5)Hide
This ranking differs from Open Targets' own: re-weighting moves genetically-evidenced diseases above more heavily co-mentioned ones. The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the per-type scores above show the calculation.
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Drug development
2 compounds recorded · 2 approved
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Open Targets known-drugs universe. Drug name and highest clinical stage only — the disease relationship is NOT read from this slice (it carries trial-context noise); approved indications come from the canonical graph above.
Tractability
Antibodies — Emerging
Protein degraders — Emerging
Other modalities — Strong
View underlying tractability evidence (6)Hide
Raw Open Targets tractability assessment buckets, by modality.
Clinical trials
Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein. Ranked by active status, then clinical phase and recency, and spread across the targeting drugs.
View all trials (26)Hide
ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.
What's happening now
Recent therapeutic activity around this target — regulatory actions, clinical trials and safety signals for a drug that targets this protein, plus publications where such a drug is a genuine subject. Every item is reached indirectly through the drug, not the protein itself; incidental mentions (a paper that merely measures a drug) and press items are excluded.
- Regulatory approval
Approval: Nulojix (EMA)
Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.