Protein / target
Thyroid hormone receptor alpha
Protein at a glance
Biological role
General transcription initiation factor binding
Primary system
Endocrine & metabolic
Strongest disease association
peripheral resistance to thyroid hormones
Therapeutic maturity
Clinically validated target
Druggability
Small molecule
Clinical development
7 approved
Derived from structured UniProt, Open Targets and literature data on this page.
Protein profile
Canonical identity and biological annotation from UniProt.
Function
Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. High affinity receptor for thyroid hormones, including triiodothyronine and thyroxine
Subcellular location
Domains and Gene Ontology detail (32)Hide
Domains & features
Gene Ontology
- Cchromatin
- Ccytosol
- Cnucleoplasm
- Cnucleus
- CRNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex
- Fchromatin DNA binding
- FDNA-binding transcription factor activity
- FDNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
- Fgeneral transcription initiation factor binding
- Fnuclear receptor activity
- Fprotein domain specific binding
- Fprotein-containing complex binding
Biological roles
What this protein does, drawn together from its UniProt function, Gene Ontology terms and Reactome pathways.
View supporting evidenceHide supporting evidence
Transcriptional regulation
- ·Nuclear hormone receptor that can act as a repressor or activator of transcription. High…
- ·RNA polymerase II transcription regulator complex
- ·DNA-binding transcription factor activity
- ·DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
Nuclear receptor signalling
- ·DNA-binding transcription factor activity
- ·DNA-binding transcription factor activity, RNA polymerase II-specific
- ·nuclear receptor activity
- ·Nuclear Receptor transcription pathway
View underlying pathways (2)Hide underlying pathways
Concepts derived from UniProt GO Reactome — each badge above shows which sources supported that role.
Interaction neighbourhood
Proteins with the strongest functional or physical association. Node size and line weight reflect STRING confidence; hover or select a partner to inspect one association.
Functional and physical associations from STRING v12.0. Only associations with this protein are drawn — partner-to-partner links are not part of this evidence.
Drugs targeting this protein
Whether each drug engages this protein directly or through a complex, and how many other targets are recorded for it. Direct binders with few recorded targets are listed first.
Thyroid hormone receptor agonist
ChEMBL mechanism, action type and target identity. Open Targets clinical status and indications.
Translational evidence
Why this target matters therapeutically — disease associations, drugs in development, tractability and safety, from Open Targets.
Strongest genetic associations
Human genetic evidence — the most direct causal link between this target and a disease.
Highest-confidence therapeutic associations
Diseases where a drug acting on this target has already reached clinical development.
Highest overall evidence
Remaining associations by Open Targets' aggregated evidence score.
Show all associationsHide all associations
Open Targets ranks 1,836 associations for this target and we store the top 10 by aggregated score. The long tail is largely literature co-mention and RNA-expression evidence, not evidence that this target drives those diseases.
Known drugs · 7 total
cardiovascular disorder
thyrotoxicosis · Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome · Allan-Herndon-Dudley syndrome
hypothyroidism · hypothyroidism · Shock
hypothyroidism · differentiated thyroid carcinoma · myxedema
differentiated thyroid carcinoma · hypothyroidism · thyroid cancer
hypothyroidism · congestive heart failure · bipolar disorder
Tractability
Safety liabilities
Clinical trials
Trials of drugs that target this protein — reached indirectly through those drugs, so a trial listed here studies the drug, not the protein.
Show remaining trials (24)Hide
ClinicalTrials.gov via the drug-target graph.
Forefront confidence
Our own weighting of the evidence behind each disease association. Human genetics and clinical evidence count for most; literature co-mention counts for little, because two entities sharing an abstract is not evidence that one drives the other.
The evidence agreement range shows how closely the independent evidence families agree — it is not a statistical confidence interval, and nothing here is fitted to outcome data. Derived from Open Targets evidence types under Forefront weighting; the underlying per-type scores are shown above so the calculation can be checked.
What's happening now
Recent activity around this target, drawn from one canonical event stream. Every item is reached through a drug that targets this protein, so each event is news about that drug rather than about the protein directly.
- New publicationPrevalence of subclinical hypothyroidism and longitudinal thyroid-stimulating hormone changes in youth with metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease: An observational study.
- New publicationThyroid Hormone Homeostasis in Levothyroxine-treated Patients: Findings From ELSA-Brasil.
- New publicationMulti-trait analysis characterizes the genetics of thyroid function and identifies causal associations with clinical implications.
- New publicationThyroid Stimulating Hormone and Thyroid Hormones (Triiodothyronine and Thyroxine): An American Thyroid Association-Commissioned Review of Current Clinical and Laboratory Status.
- New publicationThyroid-Gut-Axis: How Does the Microbiota Influence Thyroid Function?
- New publicationMolecular aspects of thyroid hormone actions.
Objective event titles are shown unmodified; the event kind and significance line are derived from structured fields. Forefront AttentionEvent stream aggregating Europe PMC Regulatory filings ClinicalTrials.gov.