Coma

The supplied grounding does not provide a broader aetiologic list beyond dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem reticular formation. It also identifies coma in the context of post-cardiac arrest unresponsiveness, but does not support additional specific causes.

Coma results from depressed cerebral activity severe enough to prevent arousal. The underlying mechanism is dysfunction or injury of both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem reticular formation, which disrupts the neural systems required for consciousness.

The supplied grounding does not support specific risk factors for coma. It only indicates that coma can occur with dysfunction or injury involving both cerebral hemispheres or the brain stem reticular formation, and in the setting of post-cardiac arrest unresponsiveness.

For comatose adult survivors of cardiac arrest, the literature describes targeted temperature management as a cornerstone of post-cardiac arrest care. More recent guidance has shifted toward temperature control strategies that avoid fever and maintain strict normothermia rather than relying on deeper hypothermia.