Neuroendocrine Tumors

Their biology is defined by neuroendocrine differentiation, including secretory granules and the capacity for ectopic hormone production. The literature supplied also indicates that classification and grading are important because some tumors are indolent while others are locally invasive, aggressive, or rarely metastatic. In gastroenteropancreatic disease, grade 3 neuroendocrine tumors are now separated from poorly differentiated neuroendocrine carcinoma in WHO classification.

Management is described at the level of diagnosis, pathology, therapy, drug therapy, radiotherapy, and classification, but the supplied grounding does not provide specific treatment modalities for the overall disease group. For gastroenteropancreatic neuroendocrine tumors, the literature emphasizes updated staging and classification and notes that serum chromogranin A is no longer advocated for diagnosis and monitoring in AJCC version 9. For pituitary neuroendocrine tumors, surgical resection is referenced as the main curative approach for many tumors, while locally invasive or aggressive tumors may not be surgically cured and may require additional therapy, but specific modalities are not detailed in the grounding.