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Drug

Spironolactone

Established medicine
ClassMineralocorticoid receptor antagonistResearchOngoing clinical research
Also known as Aldactazide, Aldactone, Cardalis, CaroSpir+6 more

Aldactazide, Aldactone, Cardalis, CaroSpir, Espironolactona, Hydrochlorothiazide-Spironolactone, Spironol, Spironolactone Plus, Spironolattone, Spironolactonum.

8
Research papers
24
Active clinical trials
Mineralocorticoid receptor
Primary target
72
Regulatory events
Latest activity
beta

Recent clinical, regulatory, research and industry developments relating to this drug.

Guidelines of care for the management of acne vulgaris.

Research2024-01-30Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology

Spironolactone for heart failure with preserved ejection fraction.

Research2014-04-01The New England journal of medicine

Evidence confidence

1 claim

How strongly the incorporated evidence supports specific clinical claims about this treatment. A confidence figure is a current summary of evidence strength, not a permanent verdict.

Lowers systolic blood pressure in hypertension
65%Moderate confidence
Uncertainty ±18%Evidence coverage: PartialUpdated 13 August 2026

High point estimate, but substantial uncertainty remains.

Confidence has a moderate point estimate but a wide uncertainty band — the evidence base is still thin.

Profile

Identifiers & mechanism

Canonical identifiers, marketed brand names and mechanism, resolved across RxNorm, ChEMBL and ATC.

Canonical name
Spironolactone
Aliases & brands
AldactazideAldactoneCardalisCaroSpirEspironolactonaHydrochlorothiazide-SpironolactoneSpironolSpironolactone PlusSpironolattoneSpironolactonum
RxNorm CUI
9997
ChEMBL ID
CHEMBL1393
ATC codes
C03DA01
UNII
27O7W4T232
Primary mechanism
Mineralocorticoid receptor antagonist
Regulatory jurisdictions
emafda

Pharmacology & targets

1 target

Known molecular targets and mechanisms supported by curated pharmacology databases.

ANTAGONISTMineralocorticoid receptor antagonist

Regulatory timeline

72 events

The complete regulatory record, grouped by authority — approvals, safety advisories and label changes. Each authority shows its most recent events; expand one to read its full history.

Earliest approval
1986-07-23
Latest approval
2023-05-26
Authorities
FDA · EMA
Total events
72
fdaU.S. Food and Drug Administration· 71 events
2026-08-13Label change
Label change: SPIRONOLACTONE (ANDA040750)
Evidence ↗
2026-08-11Label change
Label change: SPIRONOLACTONE (ANDA089424)
Evidence ↗
2026-08-11Label change
Label change: SPIRONOLACTONE (ANDA091426)
Evidence ↗
emaEuropean Medicines Agency· 1 event
2023-05-26Approval
Approval: Qaialdo (EMA)
Indication: In the management of refractory oedema associated with congestive cardiac failure; hepatic cirrhosis with ascites and oedema, malignant ascites, nephrotic syndrome, diagnosis andShow full indication

In the management of refractory oedema associated with congestive cardiac failure; hepatic cirrhosis with ascites and oedema, malignant ascites, nephrotic syndrome, diagnosis and treatment of primary aldosteronism, essential hypertension. Neonates, children and adolescents should only be treated under guidance of a paediatric specialist (see sections 5.1 and 5.2).

Evidence ↗

Data from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (U.S. Food and Drug Administration), public domain (CC0).

Contains information from the European Medicines Agency (European Medicines Agency), © EMA, reused under CC BY 4.0.

Clinical trials

175 trials

The current development programme across all trial phases — status mix, phase distribution and the late-stage studies shaping the evidence base.

Development programme
CLINICALTRIALS.GOV · LIVE REGISTRY
175
registered trials across all phases
LATEST COMPLETION 2026
24
Active studies
22
Recruiting
116
Late-stage (III+)
95
Completed
56
Discontinued
PHASE DISTRIBUTIONn = 175
Early Phase 14Phase 113Phase 1 / 27Phase 235Phase 2 / 36Phase 325Phase 460Phase N / A25

Late-stage studies

Phase III+ trials still open or recently active — where late-stage evidence is being generated.

Recent completions

Trials that read out recently, adding to the completed evidence base.

Research activity

8 papers

Key research shaping understanding of this drug, combining the latest publications with the most influential evidence.

Publications over time
19992024
Most influential
Recent papers
Major research themes8
Acne Vulgaris1Anti-Bacterial Agents1Benzoyl Peroxide1Defibrillators, Implantable1Dermatologic Agents1Dicarboxylic Acids1Doxycycline1Echocardiography1
Journals, researchers & institutions
Top journals
  • Circulation. Heart failure3
  • The New England journal of medicine2
  • Circulation1
  • Circulation. Arrhythmia and electrophysiology1
  • Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology1
Leading researchers
  • Pitt B6
  • Anand IS5
  • Heitner JF5
  • O'Meara E5
  • Pfeffer MA5
  • Shah SJ5
  • Solomon SD5
  • Sweitzer NK5
Leading institutions
free-text, unnormalised
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital4
  • American Academy of Dermatology1
  • Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center1
  • Emory University School of Medicine1
  • From the University of Michigan School of Medicine1
  • Massachusetts General Hospital1

Related diseases

1 conditions

Regulator-approved indications and conditions co-mentioned with this drug across the research literature. Number shows shared papers.

Active research areas

Related drugs

8 matches

Drugs sharing diseases, protein targets and literature with this one. Ranked by graph evidence (shared targets + diseases weighted above co-mentions).

Studied across the same disease area as Spironolactone in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper

Studied across the same disease area as Spironolactone in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper

Studied across the same disease area as Spironolactone in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper

Studied across the same disease area as Spironolactone in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper

Studied across the same disease area as Spironolactone in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper

Studied across the same disease area as Spironolactone in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper

Studied across the same disease area as Spironolactone in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper

Studied across the same disease area as Spironolactone in the shared literature.

1 shared disease1 shared paper
References & data sources
  • RxNorm (U.S. National Library of Medicine) — drug identity
  • ChEMBL (EMBL-EBI) & UniProt — pharmacology and targets
  • Europe PMC — research literature
  • ClinicalTrials.gov — clinical trials
  • Regulatory event sources are credited in the Regulatory Timeline above.