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Disease

Thrombosis

Late-stage therapeutic developmentEmerging researchSteady momentum
MeSHThrombosis
10
Publications
24
Clinical trials
12
Related conditions
2024
Latest publication
Current focus
Therapeutic developmentInflammation & immunityMetabolic & lifestyle factors
Latest activity
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Recent clinical, regulatory, research and industry developments relating to this disease.

Update on antithrombotic therapy and body mass: a clinical consensus statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Thrombosis.

Research2024-11-01European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after PCI in Patients at High Bleeding Risk.

Research2021-08-28The New England journal of medicine

Epidemiology of Peripheral Artery Disease and Polyvascular Disease.

Research2021-06-10Circulation research

Interleukin-6 Signaling and Anti-Interleukin-6 Therapeutics in Cardiovascular Disease.

Research2021-05-17Circulation research

Long-COVID and Post-COVID Health Complications: An Up-to-Date Review on Clinical Conditions and Their Possible Molecular Mechanisms.

Research2021-04-18Viruses

Immune complement and coagulation dysfunction in adverse outcomes of SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Research2020-08-03Nature medicine

Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease.

Research2020-07-30Circulation research

Neutrophil Extracellular Traps Participate in Cardiovascular Diseases: Recent Experimental and Clinical Insights.

Research2020-04-23Circulation research

COVID-19: Coagulopathy, Risk of Thrombosis, and the Rationale for Anticoagulation.

Research2020-01-01Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis

Endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity in type 2 diabetes mellitus: molecular insights and therapeutic strategies.

Research2018-08-31Cardiovascular diabetology

What's happening now

An analyst briefing on current research, clinical, regulatory and industry activity surrounding this disease.

Executive briefingUpdating summary…Momentum: Moderate
Key developments
  • 1 regulatory approval from EMA on record.
  • 3 clinical trials expected to report results, the earliest in Q3 2028.
Upcoming Milestones
Major developments
Upcoming trial readoutHigh impact
Thromboprophylaxis in Lower Limb Immobilisation (TiLLI): a Multicentre Study Comprising Two Linked Open Label Phase III Randomised Controlled Trials Evaluating the Effectiveness and Cost Effectiveness of Different Methods of Pharmacological Prophylaxis for Patients With Temporary Lower Limb Immobilisation.
Results expected Q3 20282026-07-02
Upcoming trial readoutHigh impact
A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of REGN7508, a Monoclonal Antibody Against FXI, for Primary Prophylaxis of Cancer-Associated Thrombosis for Participants With Solid Tumors Undergoing Cancer Treatment (ROXI-CAT-I)
Results expected Q1 20302026-05-27
Important regulatory approvalImportant
Approval — Rivaroxaban
Prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adult patients undergoing elective hip or kneereplacement surgery. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. (See section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients.)2025-11-21
Clinical Milestones6View
Results posted 1
Results expected 3
Recently completed 2
Regulatory Updates1View
  • 2025-11-21Approval — RivaroxabanPrevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adult patients undergoing elective hip or kneereplacement surgery. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. (See section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients.)
Activity timeline7

Therapeutic landscape

Therapies with a regulatory footing for this condition, alongside the wider set of agents co-studied with it in the literature.

Approved & established therapies
Rivaroxabanapproved

Approval — Prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adult patients undergoing elective hip or k… (2025)

Apixabanapproved

Approval — Adults Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non-valvula… (2020)

Edoxabanapproved

Approval — Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with nonvalvular atrial fibr… (2017)

Enoxaparinapproved

Approval — Inhixa is indicated for adults for: Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism, particularly… (2016)

Clinical trials

18 sponsors · 2 new · 2 completed in the last 12 months (net +2)

The current development programme across all trial phases.

Clinical programme
24
All trials
6
Active
18
Late-stage
6
Completed
Late-stage studies

Short-Term Anticoagulation Versus Antiplatelet Therapy for Preventing Device Thrombosis Following Left Atrial Appendage Closure. The ANDES Trial

Phase 4 · Active, not recruiting · Centre de Recherche de l'Institut Universitaire de Cardiologie et de Pneumologie de Quebec

A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of REGN7508, a Monoclonal Antibody Against FXI, for Primary Prophylaxis of Cancer-Associated Thrombosis for Participants With Solid Tumors Undergoing Cancer Treatment (ROXI-CAT-I)

Phase 3 · Recruiting · Regeneron Pharmaceuticals

Secondary Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Cancer and Catheter-Related Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis (STREAM-Line Study)

Phase 4 · Recruiting · Ottawa Hospital Research Institute

The Danish Non-vitamin K Antagonist Oral Anticoagulation Study. A Cluster Randomized Study Comparing Safety and Efficacy of Edoxaban, Apixaban, Rivaroxaban and Dabigatran for Oral Anticoagulation in Patients With Venous Thromboembolism.

Phase 4 · Active, not recruiting · Herlev and Gentofte Hospital

Thromboprophylaxis in Lower Limb Immobilisation (TiLLI): a Multicentre Study Comprising Two Linked Open Label Phase III Randomised Controlled Trials Evaluating the Effectiveness and Cost Effectiveness of Different Methods of Pharmacological Prophylaxis for Patients With Temporary Lower Limb Immobilisation.

Phase 3 · Recruiting · Queen Mary University of London

Randomized Trial of Anticoagulation Plus Batroxobin for Acute Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (ABACVT)

Phase 4 · Recruiting · Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing
Recruiting

A Phase 3, Multicenter, Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Study to Assess Efficacy and Safety of REGN7508, a Monoclonal Antibody Against FXI, for Primary Prophylaxis of Cancer-Associated Thrombosis for Participants With Solid Tumors Undergoing Cancer Treatment (ROXI-CAT-I)

Phase 3 · Recruiting · Regeneron Pharmaceuticals

Secondary Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients With Cancer and Catheter-Related Upper Extremity Deep Vein Thrombosis (STREAM-Line Study)

Phase 4 · Recruiting · Ottawa Hospital Research Institute

Thromboprophylaxis in Lower Limb Immobilisation (TiLLI): a Multicentre Study Comprising Two Linked Open Label Phase III Randomised Controlled Trials Evaluating the Effectiveness and Cost Effectiveness of Different Methods of Pharmacological Prophylaxis for Patients With Temporary Lower Limb Immobilisation.

Phase 3 · Recruiting · Queen Mary University of London

Randomized Trial of Anticoagulation Plus Batroxobin for Acute Cerebral Venous Thrombosis (ABACVT)

Phase 4 · Recruiting · Xuanwu Hospital, Beijing
Recently completed

A Multicenter, Randomized, Double-blind, Active-controlled Phase III Clinical Study to Evaluate the Efficacy and Safety of SHR-2004 Injection in the Prevention of Venous Thromboembolism in Patients Undergoing Elective Total Knee Arthroplasty

Phase 3 · Completed · Beijing Suncadia Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd

SOTA-THROMBOSIS: Antithrombotic Activities of Sotagliflozin vs. Empagliflozin

Phase 4 · Completed · Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai

Twice a Day Clopidogrel vs Ticagrelor in Reducing Major Cardiac Events in Patients With Acute STEMI Undergoing Primary Percutaneous Intervention- TADCLOT- a Double Blind Randomized Controlled Trial

Phase 3 · Completed · National Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Pakistan

Optimal Duration of Anticoagulation Therapy for Low-risk Pulmonary Embolism Patients With Cancer

Phase 4 · Completed · Takeshi Morimoto

Randomized Controlled Trial of Extended-Duration Low-Intensity Apixaban to Prevent Recurrence in High-Risk Patients With Provoked Venous Thromboembolism

Phase 4 · Completed · Brigham and Women's Hospital

A Phase III, Randomized, Controlled, Double-Blind Study Evaluating the Safety of Two Doses of Apixaban for Secondary Prevention of Cancer Related Venous Thrombosis in Subjects Who Have Completed at Least Six Months of Anticoagulation Therapy

Phase 3 · Completed · Academic and Community Cancer Research United

Regulatory timeline

Drug regulatory events matched to this condition by indication — EMA.

First approvals
2025emaApproval — Rivaroxaban· Prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adult patients undergoing elective hip or kneereplacement surgery. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. (See section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients.) source ↗
2021emaApproval — Rivaroxaban· Rivaroxaban Mylan co-administered with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) alone or with ASA plus clopidogrel or ticlopidine, is indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with elevated cardiac biomarkers.  Rivaroxaban Mylan co-administered with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) at high risk of ischaemic events.  ------ Prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adult patients undergoing elective hip or knee replacement surgery.  Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. ------- Adults  Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult   patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation with one or more risk factors, such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ? 75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Paediatric population  Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of VTE recurrence in children and adolescents aged less than 18 years and weighing from 30 kg to 50 kg after at least 5 days of initial parenteral anticoagulation treatment. Paediatric population  Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of VTE recurrence in children and adolescents aged less than 18 years and weighing more than 50 kg after at least 5 days of initial parenteral anticoagulation treatment.   source ↗
2020emaApproval — Rivaroxaban· Prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adult patients undergoing elective hip or knee replacement surgery. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. (See section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. (See section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients). Adults Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation with one or more risk factors, such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ? 75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. (See section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients.) Paediatric population Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of VTE recurrence in children and adolescents aged less than 18 years and weighing from 30 kg to 50 kg after at least 5 days of initial parenteral anticoagulation treatment. Rivaroxaban Accord, co administered with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) alone or with ASA plus ticlopidine, is indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with elevated cardiac biomarkers (see sections 4.3, 4.4 and 5.1). Rivaroxaban Accord, co administered with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) at high risk of ischaemic events. Adults Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation with one or more risk factors, such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ? 75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. (See section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients.) Paediatric population Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of VTE recurrence in children and adolescents aged less than 18 years and weighing more than 50 kg after at least 5 days of initial parenteral anticoagulation treatment. source ↗
2020emaApproval — Apixaban· Adults Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), with one or more risk factors, such as prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA); age≥ 75 years; hypertension; diabetes mellitus; symptomatic heart failure (NYHA Class ≥ II).   Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults (see section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients).   Paediatric population  Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of recurrent VTE in paediatric patients from 28 days to less than 18 years of age. Adults  Prevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in adult patients who have undergone elective hip or knee replacement surgery.   Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), with one or more risk factors, such as prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA); age ≥ 75 years; hypertension; diabetes mellitus; symptomatic heart failure (NYHA Class ≥ II).   Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults (see section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients).   Paediatric population Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of recurrent VTE in paediatric patients from 28 days to less than 18 years of age. source ↗
2017emaApproval — Edoxaban· Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF) with one or more risk factors, such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ? 75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA). Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. source ↗
2016emaApproval — Enoxaparin· Inhixa is indicated for adults for: Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism, particularly in patients undergoing orthopaedic, general or oncological surgery. Prophylaxis of venous thromboembolism in patients bedridden due to acute illnesses including acute heart failure, acute respiratory failure, severe infections, as well as exacerbation of rheumatic diseases causing immobilisation of the patient (applies to strengths of 40 mg/0.4 mL). Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT), complicated or uncomplicated by pulmonary embolism. Treatment of unstable angina and non Q wave myocardial infarction, in combination with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA). Treatment of acute ST segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) including patients who will be treated conservatively or who will later undergo percutaneous coronary angioplasty (applies to strengths of 60 mg/0.6 mL, 80 mg/0.8 mL, and 100 mg/1 mL). Blood clot prevention in the extracorporeal circulation during haemodialysis. source ↗
2011emaApproval — Apixaban· Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of recurrent VTE in paediatric patients from 28 days to less than 18 years of age. AdultsPrevention of venous thromboembolic events (VTE) in adult patients who have undergone elective hip or knee replacement surgery. Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), with one or more risk factors, such as prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA); age ≥ 75 years; hypertension; diabetes mellitus; symptomatic heart failure (NYHA Class ≥ II).Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults (see section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients).Paediatric population Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of recurrent VTE in paediatric patients from 28 days to less than 18 years of age. AdultsPrevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non valvular atrial fibrillation (NVAF), with one or more risk factors, such as prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA); age≥ 75 years; hypertension; diabetes mellitus; symptomatic heart failure (NYHA Class ≥ II).Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults (see section 4.4 for haemodynamically unstable PE patients).Paediatric populationTreatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of recurrent VTE in paediatric patients from 28 days to less than 18 years of age.  source ↗
2008emaApproval — Rivaroxaban· Xarelto, co-administered with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) alone or with ASA plus clopidogrel or ticlopidine, is indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients after an acute coronary syndrome (ACS) with elevated cardiac biomarkers. Xarelto, co-administered with acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is indicated for the prevention of atherothrombotic events in adult patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) or symptomatic peripheral artery disease (PAD) at high risk of ischaemic events. Prevention of venous thromboembolism (VTE) in adult patients undergoing elective hip or knee replacement surgery. Treatment of deep vein thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), and prevention of recurrent DVT and PE in adults. Adults Prevention of stroke and systemic embolism in adult patients with non-valvular atrial fibrillation with one or more risk factors, such as congestive heart failure, hypertension, age ? 75 years, diabetes mellitus, prior stroke or transient ischaemic attack. Paediatric population Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of VTE recurrence in children and adolescents aged less than 18 years and weighing from 30 kg to 50 kg after at least 5 days of initial parenteral anticoagulation treatment. Paediatric population Treatment of venous thromboembolism (VTE) and prevention of VTE recurrence in children and adolescents aged less than 18 years and weighing more than 50 kg after at least 5 days of initial parenteral anticoagulation treatment. source ↗

European Medicines Agency (CC BY 4.0). Events are matched to this condition by drug indication text — approvals/updates for drugs indicated for it, not disease-specific acts.

Research activity

10 papers

Key research shaping understanding of this disease, combining the latest publications with the most influential evidence.

Publications over time
20182024
Recent publications

Update on antithrombotic therapy and body mass: a clinical consensus statement of the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Cardiovascular Pharmacotherapy and the European Society of Cardiology Working Group on Thrombosis.

European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy · 2024 · 12 cites

Interleukin-6 Signaling and Anti-Interleukin-6 Therapeutics in Cardiovascular Disease.

Circulation research · 2021 · 459 cites

Epidemiology of Peripheral Artery Disease and Polyvascular Disease.

Circulation research · 2021 · 420 cites

Dual Antiplatelet Therapy after PCI in Patients at High Bleeding Risk.

The New England journal of medicine · 2021 · 364 cites

Long-COVID and Post-COVID Health Complications: An Up-to-Date Review on Clinical Conditions and Their Possible Molecular Mechanisms.

Viruses · 2021 · 259 cites

Gut Microbiota and Cardiovascular Disease.

Circulation research · 2020 · 756 cites
Major themes7
  • Betacoronavirus1
  • Fibrinolytic Agents1
  • Interleukin-6 Inhibitors1
  • Pandemics1
  • Percutaneous Coronary Intervention1
  • Platelet Activation1
  • Vasoconstriction1
Leading journals6
  • Circulation research4
  • Cardiovascular diabetology1
  • Clinical and applied thrombosis/hemostasis : official journal of the International Academy of Clinical and Applied Thrombosis/Hemostasis1
  • European heart journal. Cardiovascular pharmacotherapy1
  • Nature medicine1
  • The New England journal of medicine1
Leading researchers8
  • Aday AW1
  • Agewall S1
  • Alasnag M1
  • Alzahrani KJ1
  • Atar D1
  • Azevedo V1
  • Barh D1
  • Bartunek J1
Affiliations (unnormalised)6
  • Aarhus University Hospital1
  • Azienda Ospedaliero Universitaria di Ferrara1
  • Baylor College of Medicine1
  • Brigham and Women's Hospital1
  • Catholic University School of Medicine1
  • Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention1

Related conditions

12 matches

Diseases frequently studied alongside this one. Number shows shared papers.

Atherosclerosis5Inflammation5Cardiovascular Diseases3COVID-193Hemorrhage3Coronavirus Infections2Diabetes Mellitus, Type 22Diabetic Angiopathies2Disease Models, Animal2Hypertension2Obesity2Pneumonia, Viral2

Disease profile

A grounded synthesis of the condition — overview, causes, mechanism, risk factors and current standard of care.

Overview

Thrombosis is the formation and development of a thrombus, or blood clot, within blood vessels. It is a vascular clotting process that can occur in arterial or venous circulation.

Causes

The grounding supports thrombosis as a consequence of abnormal blood coagulation and platelet activation. It also links thrombosis to inflammatory and infectious states, including COVID-19, where exaggerated inflammation and coagulopathy can contribute to clot formation.

Pathophysiology

The literature grounding points to blood coagulation, platelet activation, and signal transduction as core mechanisms in thrombosis. It also describes endothelial dysfunction, low-grade inflammation, oxidative stress, and neutrophil extracellular trap formation as processes that can promote and amplify thrombus formation.

Risk factors

The supplied material supports type 2 diabetes mellitus as a risk context through endothelial dysfunction and platelet hyperactivity. It also supports COVID-19 and severe inflammatory states as settings associated with coagulopathy and increased thrombosis risk.

Current standard of care

The grounding explicitly mentions anticoagulation in the context of COVID-19-associated thrombosis risk. Beyond that, it does not provide enough support to specify a broader standard-of-care treatment approach for thrombosis.

AI-generated summary grounded in MeSH and 6 peer-reviewed sources. Informational only — not medical advice. Generated 2026-07-07.

Reference

Authoritative identity, definition & identifiers.

Defined in MeSH

Formation and development of a thrombus or blood clot in BLOOD VESSELS.

Identifiers
MeSHThrombosis
References & data sources
  • Disease identity & definition — NLM Medical Subject Headings (MeSH), public domain
  • Clinical trials — ClinicalTrials.gov (U.S. National Library of Medicine)
  • Research activity — Europe PMC (EMBL-EBI) + OpenAlex-derived paper links
  • Related entities are derived from literature co-mention (studied together) — associative, not causal.